Nodes Non-uniform Deployment with Energy Harvesting in Linear WSN

Abstract

Aiming at the problem that the network lifetime declines in linear WSN powered by battery, node energy model with energy harvesting (EH) and prediction is constructed. Based on the model, the multi-sink WSN network is deployed in an optimal non-uniform way. The mathematical expressions of the average packet delivery ratio and throughput density of the optimal deployment strategy are deduced theoretically. The performances of the average packet delivery ratio, throughput density, network lifetime, and residual energy ratio are simulated in EH-WSN and WSN, as well as the ratio q and the signal-to-interference noise ratio (SINR) threshold θ. The results show that the lifetime of EH-WSN is prolonged by adjusting the ratio q and the SINR threshold θ, compared with WSN powered by battery. The proposed strategy has good scalability, suitable for the non-uniform deployment in linear EH-WSN, especially with a large number of nodes and a long distance.