Noise thermometry at ultralow temperatures

Webb, Richard A.; Giffard, R. P.; Wheatley, J. C.

doi:10.1007/bf00654076

Cited by 100 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Second, one truncates Eq. (35) to exclude high-order exchange processes. Theories which include all the terms explicitly shown above and some version of four-particle exchange have been proposed sa's4 in order to account for the data.…”

Section: The Thermodynamics Of Exchange In Solid Ahementioning

confidence: 99%

Properties of melting 3He: Specific heat, entropy, latent heat, and temperature

et al. 1978

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A sequence of experiments has been performed to measure thermal properties of liquid and solid 3He between the temp3eratures 1 and 25 mK at melting curve densities. A two-phase mixture of 'He sample was self-cooled by the Pomeranchuk method. A heat pulse technique was used, combined with measurements of pressure and volume, to yield separate determinations of liquid and solid properties: the specific heat of liquid 3He in the normal Fermi liquid and superfluid phases; the entropy of solid 3He above and through a nuclear magnetic transition at 1.10inK; and an absolute thermodynamic temperature scale based on measurement of latent heat of conversion of liquid to solid.

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Section: The Thermodynamics Of Exchange In Solid Ahementioning

confidence: 99%

Properties of melting 3He: Specific heat, entropy, latent heat, and temperature

et al. 1978

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“…The interested reader may want to read our reference [125]. Based on referee reports, we were informed how similar treatments had accounted for the effect of a direct mutual coupling, M if , in the past [126,127].…”

Section: R S → Z T Es (S) (I105)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Carrier Transport and Related Effects in Detectors of the Cryogenic Dark Matter Search

Sundqvist

2012

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The Cryogenic Dark Matter Search (CDMS) is searching for weakly-interacting massive particles (WIMPS), which could explain the dark matter problem in cosmology and particle physics.By simultaneously measuring signals from deposited charge and the energy in nonequilibrium phonons created by particle interactions in intrinsic germanium crystals at a temperature of 40 mK, a signature response for each event is produced. This response, combined with phonon pulse-shape information, allows CDMS to actively discriminate candidate WIMP interactions with nuclei from electromagnetic radioactive background which interacts with electrons.The challenges associated with these techniques are unique. Carrier scattering is dominated by the spontaneous emission of Luke-Neganov phonons due to zeropoint fluctuations of the lattice ions. Drift fields are maintained at only a few V /cm, else these emitted phonons would dominate the phonons of the original interaction. The dominant systematic issues with CDMS detectors are due to the effects of space charge accumulation. It has been an open question how space charge accrues, and by which of several potential recombination and ionization processes.In this work, we have simulated the transport of electrons and holes in germanium under CDMS conditions. We have implemented both a traditional Monte Carlo technique based on carrier energy, followed later by a novel Monte Carlo algorithm with scattering rates defined and sampled by vector momentum. This vector-based method provides for a full anisotropic simulation of carrier transport including freeflight acceleration with an anisotropic mass, and anisotropic scattering rates.With knowledge of steady state carrier dynamics as a function of applied field, the results of our Monte Carlo simulations allow us to make a wide variety of predictions for energy dependent processes for both electrons and holes.

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“…Early work by Webb et al showed that measurements made between 5 mK and 4.2 K agreed within 3% with a magnetic temperature scale derived from the susceptibility of a dilute paramagnetic material [95]. This thermometer does not provide a primary thermometric method since the bandwidth of the SQUID and the flatness of the current gain across the entire bandwidth are required to be known.…”

Section: Magnetic Susceptibility Measurement For a Secondary Thermometermentioning

confidence: 99%