Nomograms for predicting survival outcomes in patients with bladder mucinous adenocarcinoma: a large population-based investigation

Abstract

Introduction: Bladder mucinous adenocarcinoma (BMA) is a very few histological subtypes has an invasive disease progression and poor clinical prognosis. The aim of this study was to investigate prognostic clinicopathological factors in patients with BMA and to develop a nomogram model using a large population-based cancer database.Patients and Methods: A total of 426 patients with BMA with adequate tumor data were determined in the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database from 2004 to 2017. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression models were used to identify independent risk factors for constructing the nomograms to forecast the overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) in BMA patients.Results: Compared with transitional cell carcinoma (TCC), BMA patients are younger and have larger tumors. BMA Patients were also be inclined to experience advanced T stage, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis. Older age, poorly differentiated histological grade, extravesical tumor, lymphatic metastasis, distant metastasis, and larger tumor volume were unassociated risk factors, and hence integrated into the models. The C-index values of the nomograms to predict OS and CSS were 0.708 and 0.741, respectively.Conclusion: Two prognostic nomograms were developed that provided an individual prediction of OS and CSS for BMA patients, which may help clinicians make treatment plans.