Non-binary/Genderqueer Identities: a Critical Review of the Literature

Non-binary and genderqueer: An overview of the field

“…High levels of minority stress and of social discrimination were reported in studies such as Taylor et al (2018). The research shows that NBGQ people's mental health is worse than that of cisgender populations and it also seems that non-binary people may be at higher risk of mental health problems than binary trans people (Matsuno and Budge, 2017). Motmans and Burgwal (2018) conducted a survey in five countries which demonstrated that non-binary people assessed their health in more negative terms, as compared to the binary trans respondents.…”

“…The existence of gender variance is widely documented both historically and cross-culturally (Herdt 1994;Matsuno and Budge, 2017). The term 'gender queer' emerged in the 1990s (see Whittle, 1996).…”

“…Genderqueer identities are diverse but share dis-identification with rigid gender binaries and in some cases, a direct challenge to the social institutions that perpetuate binaries (see Yeadon-Lee, 2016;Bradford et al, 2018;Davy, 2018). 'Non-binary' is an umbrella term that includes those whose identity falls outside of or between male and female identities; as a person who can experience both male and female, at different times, or someone who does not experience or want to have a gender identity at all (Matsuno and Budge, 2017). Like genderqueer, non-binary can be traced to the work of transgender and transsexual authors who resisted or transcended gender binaries, for example Bornstein, who stated that 'Gender fluidity recognizes no borders or rules of gender.…”

Transgender im Jugendalter: Forschungsstand und zukünftiger Forschungsbedarf

“…Die Zahl sich divers bzw. non-binär identifizierender Personen wird voraussichtlich weiterhin weltweit zunehmen, wie es Studien mit klinischen [62] und nicht klinischen Stichproben [58,63,64] aus den letzten Jahren zeigen.…”

“Multiplicity, Race, and Resilience: Transgender and Non‐Binary People Building Community”

“…These processes of building supportive communities may also operate differently for non‐binary people than for binary transgender individuals. Non‐binary people compose up to one third of the transgender community (Matsuno and Budge ) yet experience alienation in the binary transgender community (Sumerau, Mathers, and Moon ). Non‐binary people may not identify as transgender (Barbee and Schrock ; Darwin ), and non‐binary transgender people are disproportionately affected by expectations of transnormativity and being considered “trans enough” (Garrison ; Johnson ).…”