Non-coding RNAs as biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma—A systematic review

Zhao, Jinying; Wang, Yanhua; Su, Huahua; Su, Lijia

doi:10.1016/j.clinre.2021.101736

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 106 publications

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“…In the era of Precision Medicine, considering the above-reported ncRNAs' involvement in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression processes, these molecules have been widely proposed as candidate biomarkers for HCC diagnosis and prognosis [217]. At the same time, in a translational medicine view based on the concept of "from bench to bedside", the elucidation of specific molecular mechanisms regulated by ncRNA functioning may also guide the clinician in choosing the most appropriate personalized treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Non-Coding RNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression: From Classic to Novel Clinicopathogenetic Implications

Romeo,

Dallio,

Scognamiglio

et al. 2023

Cancers

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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a predominant malignancy with increasing incidences and mortalities worldwide. In Western countries, the progressive affirmation of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) as the main chronic liver disorder in which HCC occurrence is appreciable even in non-cirrhotic stages, constitutes a real health emergency. In light of this, a further comprehension of molecular pathways supporting HCC onset and progression represents a current research challenge to achieve more tailored prognostic models and appropriate therapeutic approaches. RNA non-coding transcripts (ncRNAs) are involved in the regulation of several cancer-related processes, including HCC. When dysregulated, these molecules, conventionally classified as “small ncRNAs” (sncRNAs) and “long ncRNAs” (lncRNAs) have been reported to markedly influence HCC-related progression mechanisms. In this review, we describe the main dysregulated ncRNAs and the relative molecular pathways involved in HCC progression, analyzing their implications in certain etiologically related contexts, and their applicability in clinical practice as novel diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic tools. Finally, given the growing evidence supporting the immune system response, the oxidative stress-regulated mechanisms, and the gut microbiota composition as relevant emerging elements mutually influencing liver-cancerogenesis processes, we investigate the relationship of ncRNAs with this triad, shedding light on novel pathogenetic frontiers of HCC progression.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Non-Coding RNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression: From Classic to Novel Clinicopathogenetic Implications

Romeo,

Dallio,

Scognamiglio

et al. 2023

Cancers

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“…MicroRNAs (miRNA), a class of natural RNA-interfering agents, have been demonstrated associated with all stages of cancers, including tumorigenesis, progression, metastasis and drug resistance [38][39][40][41]. And a push for miRNA study in medical science has caused worldwide concern from cancer researchers for the purpose of finding a new therapeutic target [42]. Thus, we identified the low expression miRNAs by RNA sequencing in HepG2-SR cells compared with its parental cell line.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNA-138-1-3p sensitizes sorafenib to hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting PAK5 mediated β-catenin/ABCB1 signaling pathway

Mou

Pan

et al. 2021

J Biomed Sci

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Background Sorafenib is a kinase inhibitor that is used as a first-line therapy in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. However, the existence of sorafenib resistance has limited its therapeutic effect. Through RNA sequencing, we demonstrated that miR-138-1-3p was downregulated in sorafenib resistant HCC cell lines. This study aimed to investigate the role of miR-138-1-3p in sorafenib resistance of HCC. Methods In this study, quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and Western Blot were utilized to detect the levels of PAK5 in sorafenib-resistant HCC cells and parental cells. The biological functions of miR-138-1-3p and PAK5 in sorafenib-resistant cells and their parental cells were explored by cell viability assays and flow cytometric analyses. The mechanisms for the involvement of PAK5 were examined via co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP), immunofluorescence, dual luciferase reporter assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). The effects of miR-138-1-3p and PAK5 on HCC sorafenib resistant characteristics were investigated by a xenotransplantation model. Results We detected significant down-regulation of miR-138-1-3p and up-regulation of PAK5 in sorafenib-resistance HCC cell lines. Mechanistic studies revealed that miR-138-1-3p reduced the protein expression of PAK5 by directly targeting the 3′-UTR of PAK5 mRNA. In addition, we verified that PAK5 enhanced the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of β-catenin that increased the transcriptional activity of a multidrug resistance protein ABCB1. Conclusions PAK5 contributed to the sorafenib resistant characteristics of HCC via β-catenin/ABCB1 signaling pathway. Our findings identified the correlation between miR-138-1-3p and PAK5 and the molecular mechanisms of PAK5-mediated sorafenib resistance in HCC, which provided a potential therapeutic target in advanced HCC patients.

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“…MiRNA-122 was discovered to play several roles in the pathologies of acute liver failure (ALF) [ 7 ], alcoholic liver disease (ALD) [ 8 ], hepatitis C virus (HCV) [ 9 ], and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) [ 10 ]. Recent pathological investigations have revealed that differing levels of miR-122 expression in HCC might contribute to tumour metastasis and development [ 11 ], which can impede growth, cause metastasis, and even impair angiogenic activity in HCC cells [ 12 ]. As a result, a series of biosensors are required to realise the changes and monitoring of micRNA, and hence the prevention and treatment of disease [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzyme-Assisted Amplification and Copper Nanocluster Fluorescence Signal-Based Method for miRNA-122 Detection

Qing,

Fang,

Yang

et al. 2023

Biosensors

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At present, a large number of studies have demonstrated that miRNAs can be used as biological indicators for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases such as tumours and cancer, so it is important to develop a new miRNA detection platform. In this work, miRNA-122 is used as the basis for targeting detection agents. We have designed an unlabelled DNA1 that undergoes partial hybridisation and has a 20 T base long strand. The fluorescent signal in this experiment is derived from copper nanoclusters (CuNCs) generated on the circular T-long strand of DNA1. At the same time, DNA1 is able to react with miRNA-122 and achieve hydrolysis of the part bound to miRNA-122 via the action of nucleic acid exonuclease III (Exo III), leaving a part of the DNA, called DNA3, while releasing miRNA-122 to participate in the next reaction, thus achieving circular amplification. DNA3 is able to react with DNA2, which is bound to streptavidin magnetic beads (SIBs) and separated from the reaction solution via the application of a magnetic field. Overall, this is a fluorescence signal reduction experiment, and the strength of the fluorescence signal from the copper nanoclusters can determine whether the target miRNA-122 is present or not. The degree of fluorescence reduction indicates how much DNA1, and thus the amount of target miRNA-122, has been hydrolysed. By evaluating the variations in the fluorescence signal under optimised conditions, we discovered that this method has good sensitivity, with a detection limit as low as 0.46 nM, better than many other previous works on fluorescence signal-based biosensors for miRNA detection. This technique offers high discrimination and selectivity and can serve as a persuasive reference for early diagnosis.

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Non-coding RNAs as biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma—A systematic review

Cited by 7 publications

References 106 publications

Role of Non-Coding RNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression: From Classic to Novel Clinicopathogenetic Implications

Role of Non-Coding RNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression: From Classic to Novel Clinicopathogenetic Implications

MicroRNA-138-1-3p sensitizes sorafenib to hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting PAK5 mediated β-catenin/ABCB1 signaling pathway

Enzyme-Assisted Amplification and Copper Nanocluster Fluorescence Signal-Based Method for miRNA-122 Detection

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