Non-destructive imaging and spectroscopic techniques to investigate the hidden-lifestyle arthropod pests: a review

Abstract

There are several harmful and yield decreasing arthropod pests, which live within plant tissues, causing almost unnoticeable damage, e.g. Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn., Cydia pomonella L., Acanthoscelides obtectus Say. Their ecological and biological features are rather known. The process leading to the damage is difficult to trace by means of conventional imaging techniques. In this review, optical techniques-X-ray, computer tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, confocal laser scanning microscopy, infrared thermography, near-infrared spectroscopy and luminescence spectroscopy-are described. Main results can contribute to the understanding of the covert pest life processes from the plant protection perspective. The use of these imaging technologies has greatly improved and facilitated the detailed investigation of injured plants. The results provided additional data on biological and ecological information as to the hidden lifestyles of covertly developing insects. Therefore, it can greatly contribute to the realisation of integrated pest management criteria in practical plant protection.

Applications of Biotechnology for Characterization of Plants and Pests as the Key Components of Plant Protection and Production Strategies: A Review

“…There are some digital imagery softwares to combine multiple high-resolution images into a single, in-focus specimen image. Various image processing techniques have been used for identification of pathogens (Barbedo, 2016;Sun et al, 2018), insects (Keszthely et al, 2020) and weeds (Lin et al, 2017).…”

A Non-Invasive Approach in the Assessment of Stress Phenomena and Impairment Values in Pea Seeds Caused by Pea Weevil

“…These evaluations are mainly based on traditional, invasive methods, e.g., weighing, dissections of damaged plants/plant parts or performing wet chemical analysis on plant structures [ 13 , 14 ]. At present, many novel imaging technologies such as computer tomography, magnetic resonance or bioluminescence imaging [ 15 , 16 , 17 ] are known, which can be exploited to precisely determine the level and degree of injuries in an attacked plant. Albeit these methods are scarcely used in plant sciences [ 18 ], there are several studies [ 19 , 20 , 21 ] that have reported radically new results obtained by using these novel techniques.…”

Study of Morphological Features in Pre-Imaginal Honey Bee Impaired by Varroa destructor by Means of Computer Tomography

“…This approach allows the observation of the analyzed subject in its natural environment, without disturbing it. Laboratory circumstances can create an opportunity for the observation of the finest biological details, the gathering of which is not permitted by conventional diagnostic methods [21,22,25,26]. The results acquired by applying this non-invasive method can provide additional information about biological and ecological processes as to the hidden lifestyles of covertly developing arthropods.…”

“…The results acquired by applying this non-invasive method can provide additional information about biological and ecological processes as to the hidden lifestyles of covertly developing arthropods. The thorough investigation of morphological structures, related environmental conditions, and hidden biological characteristics associated with the pest is a prerequisite for understanding the functions of ecological relationships [24,25]. Regarding the honey bee, the various behaviors inside the colony, especially within the cells, are mostly hidden.…”