Non‐Ideal Plasma and Early Experiments at FAIR: HIHEX ‐ Heavy Ion Heating and EXpansion

Abstract

Early Experiments at FAIR in 2018 ‐ 2022 suggested by the HEDgeHOB collaboration in the field of non‐ideal plasma physics are discussed. Specific energies of 5‐10 kJ/g, pressures of 1‐2 GPa and temperatures of 1‐2 eV are expected to be reached in the substance at the first experiments with a U+28 beam with the energy of 0.2 AGeV and maximal intensity 3 · 1010 per impulse. It will provide the possibility to investigate the two phase region including the critical point of several metals in HIHEX (Heavy Ion Heating and EXpansion) experiments with the plane and cylindrical geometry, realizing regimes of quasi‐isochoric heating, isentropic expansion and compression when the flow strikes the target. Analysis of thermal radiation transfer will give information on the vaporization dynamics. Measurements of electrical conductivity and optical properties on the supercritical adiabat will disclose information on the insulator to metal transition under these conditions. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

Observation of a high degree of stopping for laser-accelerated intense proton beams in dense ionized matter

“…However, the collective effects induced by high-current charged-particle beams could alter significantly the projected range, the magnitude of energy deposition, and therefore change the requirements for ignition correspondingly. Besides, in the cases of ion beam-driven inertial confinement fusion and highenergy density science, which require ultrahigh beam intensity from accelerators [15][16][17][18][19] , no collective effects on ion stopping processes due to high beam intensity are considered nor-to the best of our knowledge-were they reported in any previous experiments.…”

Fast Multi-Wavelength Pyrometer for Dynamic Temperature Measurements

“…Non-contact temperature measurements in the range of up to several thousand Kelvin are a challenging experimental problem. The pyrometrical determination of surface temperatures by collecting and analyzing thermal radiation is one of the few practically reliable methods for temperature measurements in this range [1]. The brightness temperatures are obtained by absolute measurements of the emitted Selected Papers of the 22nd European Conference on Thermophysical Properties.…”

Fast Multi-Wavelength Pyrometer for Dynamic Temperature Measurements

“…Non-contact temperature measurements in the range up to several thousand Kelvin is a challenging experimental problem. The pyrometrical determination of surface temperatures by collecting and analyzing thermal radiation is one of the few practically reliable methods for temperature measurements in this range [1]. The brightness temperatures are obtained by absolute measurements of the emitted thermal radiation in a specific wavelength regime, and fitting the recorded signals to Planck's law.…”