Non-intrusive microwave system for multiphase flow metering

Sheila-Vadde, Aparna; Melapudi, Vikram; Suma, M.N.; Kumar, K.; Ward, John

doi:10.1109/i2mtc.2018.8409765

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…As is well known, the bandwidth of the antenna decreases as the thickness of the microwave laminate decreases. However, in the proposed technology, a [21][22][23][24]26,27 the proposed antenna is essentially broadband and does not use complex electromagnetic structures such as metamaterial to achieve miniaturization. (e) The measurement of crude oil water content is conducted at lower frequencies, which is one of the limiting factors for achieving antenna miniaturization.…”

Section: Measured Analysis Of the Effect Of Antenna Transmission Coef...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(f) Although the minimum operating frequency of the antenna reported in refs. [21][22][23]25 is lower than 2.45 GHz, the relative error of the antenna's water content is relatively high, higher than the relative error of 3% water content. (g) Although the reported water content error in refs.…”

Section: Measured Analysis Of the Effect Of Antenna Transmission Coef...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design and simulation of small-sized antenna in microwave transmission method for water content measurement instrument

Jia,

Wan,

Zhou

et al. 2023

Measurement and Control

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Herein, the microwave transmission method is proposed that demonstrates such advantages as non-invasiveness, excellent penetration performance, and fast detection. As a key component of the microwave method water content measurement instrument, the antenna is required to have a smaller radiation size than the inner diameter of the oil pipe. To address this technical challenge, a small-sized microwave projection method based on water content measurement antenna is designed in this study for the water content measurement of oil-water mixtures in downhole pipelines. Also, the half-cut antenna with a size of [Formula: see text] is proposed to operate in the frequency band of 2–6 GHz (The measured gain of the antenna varies from 2.48 dBi to 4.98 dBi). Then, the designed half-cut antenna is applied to the established water-content test environment for analysis as to the relationship between water content and the variation in transmission coefficient of the half-cut antenna. According to the test results, the relative water content error is about 0.31% between the simulation and measured results for the transmission coefficient [Formula: see text] in the range of 0%–30%, while that is about 0.16% for the transmission coefficient [Formula: see text] in the range of 40%–100%. The experimental results can be extended to the measurement of the part with high water content of the oil-water mixture in the pipeline, which provides a practical reference for field tests and basic research.

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Section: Measured Analysis Of the Effect Of Antenna Transmission Coef...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Measured Analysis Of the Effect Of Antenna Transmission Coef...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and simulation of small-sized antenna in microwave transmission method for water content measurement instrument

Jia,

Wan,

Zhou

et al. 2023

Measurement and Control

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The figure consists of a sectional view of the probe with dimensions annotated. A coaxial line is used to feed the probe and it is optimized for TEM-to-TE 11 transition at the desired frequency band (8)(9)(10)(11)(12). The modeling and optimization of the probe are accomplished via the CST microwave studio package [33].…”

Section: Design Of Resonant Probementioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, frequent sensor calibration, low universal applicability (since the sensors are often applicationspecific) and increased cost at high operating frequencies remain limitations to be considered. Nevertheless, the application of microwave-based sensors across numerous industries is an indicator of their merit, which is limited not only to contaminant detection in pipelines and multiphase flow metering in oil and gas industries, as discussed in [2,3] and [12], but also in healthcare, chemical and food processing [13][14][15][16][17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerous methodologies are available to measure solid particulate concentration and velocity in multi-phase flows. Electromagnetic (EM) resonance [5,7,16,21], microwave power attenuation [2,3,22] and the Doppler effect [23,24] are well-known techniques for solid concentration measurement, while spatial filtering [25] and Doppler radar [26,27] or cross-correlation [12,28] are employed for velocity computation. A thorough comparison of various microwave sensing techniques for concentration and velocity measurements in multiphase flows is reported in [11,20,[29][30][31][32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detection of solid contaminants in gas flows using microwave resonant probes

Akhter

Taha

Rahman

et al. 2020

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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The presence of undesirable solid contaminants can have adverse effects on the integrity of gas pipelines. One of the most common contaminants in such pipelines is black powder. Developing predictive maintenance protocols, including online quality monitoring, is imperative to ensure the on-spec supply of gas to customers and to avoid severe consequences such as pipeline blockage. In this paper, a microwave sensing system that utilizes resonant probes for the detection and monitoring of solid contaminants, is presented. The proposed probe is essentially a conventional circular waveguide with a resonant iris structure attached to the aperture. The concentration of solid contaminants in gas flows is assessed by analyzing the scattering parameters of transmitting/receiving probes at a resonant frequency, which are coupled non-intrusively to the pipeline. 3D electromagnetic simulations are performed for sensitivity analysis of the proposed sensing system. Furthermore, the detection and evaluation of solid contaminants are experimentally validated using air/sand flow in a 51 mm inner diameter pipeline. The efficacy of the proposed system is demonstrated following the successful detection of solid contaminants in the dual-phase flow. Additionally, it is also illustrated that inclusion of a resonating iris structure in the aperture of the circular waveguide results in enhanced sensitivity when compared to a non-resonant counterpart.

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Instability of Low-Velocity and High Water-Cut Oil–Water Two-Phase Flow Based on Microwave Signals

Bai

Liu

et al. 2022

Heat Transfer Engineering

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Non-intrusive microwave system for multiphase flow metering

Cited by 7 publications

References 4 publications

Design and simulation of small-sized antenna in microwave transmission method for water content measurement instrument

Design and simulation of small-sized antenna in microwave transmission method for water content measurement instrument

Detection of solid contaminants in gas flows using microwave resonant probes

Instability of Low-Velocity and High Water-Cut Oil–Water Two-Phase Flow Based on Microwave Signals

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