Non-invasive assessment and quantification of liver steatosis by ultrasound, computed tomography and magnetic resonance

Schwenzer, Nina F.; Springer, Fabian; Schraml, Christina; Stefan, Norbert; Machann, Jürgen; Schick, Fritz

doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2009.05.023

Cited by 694 publications

(613 citation statements)

References 153 publications

(188 reference statements)

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“…99 Magnetic resonance spectroscopy is probably the most accurate and fastest method of detecting fatty infiltration, but it is expensive, and the necessary software is still not easily available in most MRI units. 6,87 The prevalence of hepatic steatosis in 2349 participants from the Dallas Heart Study was estimated to be 33.6% and correlated well with pathological finding. 100 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the liver has emerged to be a fast, safe and noninvasive alternative for the quantification of hepatic fat content.…”

Section: Magnetic Resonance Imagingmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…14 In adults, the technique of ultrasound has a sensitivity of 60-94% and a specificity of 73-93% for the diagnosis of fatty liver, whereby the accuracy of US in children has not been established. 6,23,[86][87][88] Hamaguchi et al compared US score between 94 biopsy-proven fatty liver patients and 4826 participants who were selected from the general population. This study supports the applicability of abdominal US as a screening examination.…”

Section: Ultrasonography (Us)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…87 Measurement of attenuation values, the difference in attenuation values between liver and spleen, as well as the calculation of the spleen-to-liver attenuation ratio used for assessment of hepatic steatosis. 88,92 CT attenuation values correlated to a certain degree of hepatic steatosis measured by biopsy.…”

Section: Computed Tomography (Ct Scan)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[93][94][95] Consequently, CT is not clinically acceptable for diagnosis of mild to moderate hepatic steatosis. 87,96 CT is associated with radiation exposure which limits its use for longitudinal studies and in children.…”

Section: Computed Tomography (Ct Scan)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The physical basis of this procedure is based on difference of resonance frequencies between hydrogen protons bound to 87,94,95 MRI is not subject to interpretation or interobserver variation, and may be more useful than ultrasound for the monitoring of pediatric NAFLD. 88 The presence of early patchy enhancement in contrast agentenhanced (postgadolinium) MRI indicates either concurrent or recent hepatocellular damage, in contrast to late linear enhancement correlated with the presence of fibrosis.…”

Section: Magnetic Resonance Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a challenge for pediatricians

Widhalm

Ghods

2010

Int J Obes

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Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of pediatric liver disease. Its prevalence is related to the growing epidemic in childhood obesity during the past decades. At present, NAFLD and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are increasingly recognized worldwide. In spite of alarming trend in the epidemiology in pediatric field and growing risk of end stage liver disease, there is no significant advance in its diagnosis and treatment. Aim: To provide a detailed review for diagnosis and management of NAFLD and NASH. Methods: By using Pubmed to find review articles and relevant research. Results: The prevalence ranges from at least 3% in children overall to about 50% in obese children. The noninvasive biomarkers can be used to identify NAFLD/NASH patients. Diagnostic criteria based on biochemical and immunological indicators in the high-risk group of children could prevent about half of cases from receiving an invasive test. The pharmacological and surgical interventions have shown a growing role in pediatric NAFLD. Novel treatment modalities, such as probiotics, have hardly been studied. Conclusion: Early diagnosis by using noninvasive screening methods in high-risk groups is the most effective strategy against the NAFLD. The biology of early growth and development, including hepatic metabolism, may hold the key to pediatric NAFLD. Prevention of overweight children and childhood obesity is undoubtedly the best strategy for treating NAFLD.

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Section: Magnetic Resonance Imagingmentioning

confidence: 91%