Non-linear direct effects of acid rain on leaf photosynthetic rate of terrestrial plants

Dong, Dan; Du, Enzai; Sun, Zhengzhong; Zeng, Xuetong; Vries, Wim de

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2017.09.005

Cited by 33 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In contrast, we observed that the concentration of chlorophyll a decreased in the water extracts of PM 2.5 samples when the experiment was on. The levels of chlorophyll a in the water extracts of PM 2.5 samples with four levels of aerosol acidity (in situ pH: 2.8, 3.1, 3.5, 3.8) were measured at scheduled times (2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18,20,22,24,30,36,42,48,54, and 60 h) (Figure 2A). Soon after, mixing levels of chlorophyll a were observed to decrease by 20−40% following exposures to water extracts of PM 2.5 samples with different levels of aerosol acidities.…”

Section: Mobile Source (Ms)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since incidental inputs of acidic substances as water-soluble inorganic ions (e.g., NO 3 – ) via atmospheric wet deposition (e.g., rain) have led to negative effects on the terrestrial ecosystem, − large-scale monitoring networks including the Global Atmosphere Watch Programme (established in the 1950s) () and the National Atmospheric Deposition Program (established in 1978) () were launched to track the trends of atmospheric acidic deposition. ,− Data sets obtained from these large-scale monitoring networks provide significant evidence for decision-making supporting the implementation of relevant policies to prevent both wet and dry atmospheric acid deposition. ,− …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sources of Aerosol Acidity at a Suburban Site of Nanjing and Their Associations with Chlorophyll Depletion

Gong

Tao

Liu

et al. 2021

ACS Earth Space Chem.

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There is a need to understand the impacts of ambient aerosol acidity on the photosynthetic process in terrestrial plants and its connection to carbon storage. To help address this need, we conducted a study to investigate the acidity of ambient aerosol on the stability of chlorophyll, the main indicator of photosynthetic processes in leaves. Ambient fine particulate matter (<2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter or PM2.5) sampled at a suburban site of Nanjing during cold seasons of 2019 and 2020 was collected. Ambient levels of gaseous pollutants including NO2, SO2, and CO; daily maximum 8 h average O3 concentration (O3-8h); and daily meteorological parameters were also recorded. Water-soluble ions of F–, Cl–, NO3 –, SO4 2–, NH4 +, Na+, K+, Mg2+, and Ca2+ in collected PM2.5 samples were determined using an ion chromatograph. The Extended Aerosol Inorganics Model version IV (E-AIM IV) was used to estimate the total acidity and in situ pH of collected PM2.5 samples, while Positive Matrix Factorization 5.0 (PMF) was used to apportion emission sources. Depletion of chlorophyll a and b was determined using water extracts of collected PM2.5 samples. Estimated in situ pH levels of collected PM2.5 samples were in the range of pH 2–4. Associations were found between the concentration of SO4 2– and the total acidity of ambient PM2.5 particles. Source apportionment results showed that five PM sources including dust source (DS), secondary source (SS), industrial source (IS), mobile source (MS), and biomass burning (BB) contributed to aerosol acidity of ambient PM2.5 particles. Aerosol acidity, rather than PM2.5 mass, resulting from water-soluble ions in gaseous pollutants was the dominant factor influencing the stability of chlorophyll a. Alternatively, chlorophyll b was found to be stable with the exposure to water extracts of ambient PM2.5 particles within 60 h. This study provides the first field evidence that aerosol acidity could result in the depletion of chlorophyll a.

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Section: Mobile Source (Ms)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources of Aerosol Acidity at a Suburban Site of Nanjing and Their Associations with Chlorophyll Depletion

Gong

Tao

Liu

et al. 2021

ACS Earth Space Chem.

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“…GAMs have been widely applied to investigate nonlinear relationships between dependent and non-explanatory variables in various fields of study such as plant and aquatic ecology (e.g., [58]) and water quality (e.g., [59]), as well as for nonlinear relationships among biotic and bon-biotic variables in environmental settings due to complex interactions between environmental factors. Many studies have identified nonlinear relationships among components of forest ecosystems (e.g., [3,50,[60][61][62][63][64][65]). In particular, Lee et al [3] reported that burn severity might be related to topographic characteristics such as elevation and slope.…”

Section: Linear and Nonlinear Model Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complex Relationships of the Effects of Topographic Characteristics and Susceptible Tree Cover on Burn Severity

2018

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Forest fires and burn severity mosaics have profound impacts on the post-fire dynamics and complexity of forest ecosystems. Numerous studies have investigated the relationship between topographic variables and susceptible tree covers with regard to burn severity. However, these relationships have not been fully elucidated, because most studies have assumed linearity in these relationships. Therefore, we examined the linearity and the nonlinearity in the relationships between topographic variables and susceptible tree covers with burn severity by comparing linear and nonlinear models. The site of the Samcheok fire, the largest recorded forest fire in Korea, was used as the study area. We generated 802 grid cells with a 500-m resolution that encompassed the entire study area and collected a dataset that included the topographic variables and percentage of red pine trees, which are the most susceptible tree cover types in Korea. We used conventional linear models and generalized additive models to estimate the linear and the nonlinear models based on topographic variables and Japanese red pine trees. The results revealed that the percentage of red pine trees had linear effects on burn severity, reinforcing the importance of silviculture and forest management to lower burn severity. Meanwhile, the topographic variables had nonlinear effects on burn severity. Among the topographic variables, elevation had the strongest nonlinear effect on burn severity, possibly by overriding the effects of susceptible fuels over elevation effects or due to the nonlinear effects of topographic characteristics on pre-fire fuel conditions, including the spatial distribution and availability of susceptible tree cover. To validate and generalize the nonlinear effects of elevation and other topographic variables, additional research is required at different fire sites with different tree cover types in different geographic locations.

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“…According to the literature, the net photosynthetic rate has a very significant correlation with oil content (P<0.001) and a significant correlation with the kernel rate (P<0.01). Acid rain significantly enhances the leaf photosynthetic rate of woody tree species [ 50 ]. In Weining, acid rain occurs frequently, which might constitute one cause of the higher oil yield of C .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the economic characteristics of the fruit of 45 superior Camellia weiningensis Y.K. Li. trees

et al. 2022

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Reports related to Camellia weiningensis Y.K. Li. are rare. We evaluated the economic characteristics of the mature fruit of 45 superior C. weiningensis trees using principal component analysis (PCA) and gray correlation analysis, and identified excellent germplasms according to performance. PCA was employed to reduce the dimensions. PCA was performed for the original 15 indices of fruit diameter, fruit length, fruit shape, single-fruit weight, pericarp thickness, oil yield, fresh seed rate, dry seed rate, dry kernel rate and palmitic acid, stearic acid, linolenic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and arachidonic acid contents. According to the requirements of a cumulative contribution rate ≥ 80% and an eigenvector value > 1, six principle components were selected. These indices underwent weighted summation to establish a function model for comprehensive evaluation. Finally, the comprehensive rankings of the cultivars according to PCA were compared with those according to gray correlation analysis. The genetic variation coefficients of the 15 parameters ranged from 2.24% (oleic acid content) to 22.70% (single-fruit weight, with a range of 21.34 g). The top ten excellent cultivars with the highest comprehensive scores according to PCA and those according to gray correlation analysis were compared. According to PCA, oleic acid content, fruit diameter, fruit length, pericarp thickness, arachidonic acid content and dry seed rate can serve as representative evaluation indicators of C. weiningensis. The outcomes obtained based on PCA were basically consistent with those obtained based on gray correlation analysis. Finally, nine excellent cultivars were finally determined, i.e., WY-1, WY-6, WY-8, WY-25, WY-27, WY-30, WY-33, WY-35, WY-38 and WY-44. The results obtained in terms of crown yield were basically consistent with the outcomes of the comprehensive assessments, which indicates the reliability of the assessment methods used in this study.

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Non-linear direct effects of acid rain on leaf photosynthetic rate of terrestrial plants

Cited by 33 publications

References 24 publications

Sources of Aerosol Acidity at a Suburban Site of Nanjing and Their Associations with Chlorophyll Depletion

Sources of Aerosol Acidity at a Suburban Site of Nanjing and Their Associations with Chlorophyll Depletion

Complex Relationships of the Effects of Topographic Characteristics and Susceptible Tree Cover on Burn Severity

Evaluation of the economic characteristics of the fruit of 45 superior Camellia weiningensis Y.K. Li. trees

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