Non-linear MHD modelling of ELM triggering by pellet injection in DIII-D and implications for ITER

Futatani, S.; Huijsmans, Gta Guido; Loarte, A.; Baylor, L.R.; Commaux, N.; Jernigan, T.C.; Fenstermacher, M.E.; Lasnier, C.J.; Osborne, T. H.; Pégouriè, B.

doi:10.1088/0029-5515/54/7/073008

Cited by 64 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…A similar phenomenon is observed in JOREK pellet injection simulations. 39 It is important to set simulation parameters such that the increase in n e be consistent with experimental observations. In order to do this, we use synthetic interferometry.…”

Section: A Increase In Electron Densitymentioning

confidence: 98%

Three-dimensional non-linear magnetohydrodynamic modeling of massive gas injection triggered disruptions in JET

et al. 2015

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Document VersionPublisher's PDF, also known as Version of Record (includes final page, issue and volume numbers) Please check the document version of this publication:• A submitted manuscript is the author's version of the article upon submission and before peer-review. There can be important differences between the submitted version and the official published version of record. People interested in the research are advised to contact the author for the final version of the publication, or visit the DOI to the publisher's website.• The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review.• The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers. Link to publication Citation for published version (APA):Fil, A., Nardon, E., Hoelzl, M., Huijsmans, G. T. A., Orain, F., Becoulet, M., ... . Threedimensional non-linear magnetohydrodynamic modeling of massive gas injection triggered disruptions in JET. Physics of Plasmas, 22, 062509-1/18. DOI: 10.1063/1.4922846 General rightsCopyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.• Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research.• You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policyIf you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Three-dimensional non-linear magnetohydrodynamic modeling of massive gas injection triggered disruptions in JET JOREK 3D non-linear MHD simulations of a D 2 Massive Gas Injection (MGI) triggered disruption in JET are presented and compared in detail to experimental data. The MGI creates an overdensity that rapidly expands in the direction parallel to the magnetic field. It also causes the growth of magnetic islands (m=n ¼ 2=1 and 3/2 mainly) and seeds the 1/1 internal kink mode. O-points of all island chains (including 1/1) are located in front of the MGI, consistently with experimental observations. A burst of MHD activity and a peak in plasma current take place at the same time as in the experiment. However, the magnitude of these two effects is much smaller than in the experiment. The simulated radiation is also much below the experimental level. As a consequence, the thermal quench is not fully reproduced. Directions for progress are identified. Radiation from impurities is a good candidate. V C 2015 AIP Publishing LLC.[http://dx

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Section: A Increase In Electron Densitymentioning

confidence: 98%

Three-dimensional non-linear magnetohydrodynamic modeling of massive gas injection triggered disruptions in JET

et al. 2015

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“…A free boundary extension for coils and resistive walls replacing ideal wall conditions is realized via a coupling to STARWALL . A pellet ablation model, a full‐orbit particle tracer including ionization, recombination, and background collisions, a neutrals model, and a relativistic electron guiding center particle tracer are available. An impurity model and a relativistic electron fluid model are presently being validated.…”

Section: The Jorek Codementioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into type‐I edge localized modes and edge localized mode control from JOREK non‐linear magneto‐hydrodynamic simulations

Hoelzl

Huijsmans

Orain

et al. 2018

Contributions to Plasma Physics

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Edge localized modes (ELMs) are repetitive instabilities driven by the large pressure gradients and current densities in the edge of H‐mode plasmas. Type‐I ELMs lead to a fast collapse of the H‐mode pedestal within several hundred microseconds to a few milliseconds. Localized transient heat fluxes to divertor targets are expected to exceed tolerable limits for ITER, requiring advanced insights into ELM physics and applicable mitigation methods. This paper describes how non‐linear magneto‐hydrodynamic (MHD) simulations can contribute to this effort. The JOREK code is introduced, which allows the study of large‐scale plasma instabilities in tokamak X‐point plasmas covering the main plasma, the scrape‐off layer, and the divertor region with its finite element grid. We review key physics relevant for type‐I ELMs and show to what extent JOREK simulations agree with experiments and help reveal the underlying mechanisms. Simulations and experimental findings are compared in many respects for type‐I ELMs in ASDEX Upgrade. The role of plasma flows and non‐linear mode coupling for the spatial and temporal structure of ELMs is emphasized, and the loss mechanisms are discussed. An overview of recent ELM‐related research using JOREK is given, including ELM crashes, ELM‐free regimes, ELM pacing by pellets and magnetic kicks, and mitigation or suppression by resonant magnetic perturbation coils (RMPs). Simulations of ELMs and ELM control methods agree in many respects with experimental observations from various tokamak experiments. On this basis, predictive simulations become more and more feasible. A brief outlook is given, showing the main priorities for further research in the field of ELM physics and further developments necessary.

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“…As this analysis assumes axisymmetric equilibria, it cannot describe the locally perturbed plasma after an incoming pellet. While the calculations presented characterize the stability of the plasma prior to a spontaneous ELM or the arrival of a pellet, the impact of the pellet itself could be determined in the future by using non-axisymmetric stability codes such as JOREK [12,13]. However, it is interesting to explore whether triggering ELMs is only possible if the plasma is close to the stability boundary for axisymmetric equilibria.…”

Section: Trigger Threshold and Edge Stability Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

ELM pacing and high-density operation using pellet injection in the ASDEX Upgrade all-metal-wall tokamak

et al. 2014

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Abstract. ELM triggering and pacing in an all-metal wall environment shows significant differences to a firstwall configuration containing carbon. Here we report on experiments performed at ASDEX Upgrade revisiting the issue with all plasma-facing surfaces now fully replaced by tungsten. This investigation was motivated by experimental findings indicating that ELM triggering becomes more intricate when the carbon is replaced by a metal wall. ELM pacing could no longer be achieved by magnetic triggering in ASDEX Upgrade under conditions that previously showed a positive response. Also, recent investigations at JET indicate that a lag time occurs in pellet ELM triggering when operating with the new ITER-like wall. The ASDEX Upgrade centrifugebased launching system was revitalized and upgraded for this study, now allowing detailed analysis of the ELM trigger response. The appearance of a lag time for pellet ELM triggering in an all-metal wall environment was confirmed. While different lag time durations were found for several type-I ELMy H-mode scenarios, the magnitude of the pellet perturbation was found to cause no difference. Reducing the auxiliary heating power for ELM triggering clearly makes the pellet tool less efficient for ELM control purposes; however, this affords a major benefit when applied for fuelling. Plasma operation with benign ELM behaviour at core densities far beyond the Greenwald limit was demonstrated, this being fully reversible and not affecting the energy confinement.

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Non-linear MHD modelling of ELM triggering by pellet injection in DIII-D and implications for ITER

Cited by 64 publications

References 16 publications

Three-dimensional non-linear magnetohydrodynamic modeling of massive gas injection triggered disruptions in JET

Three-dimensional non-linear magnetohydrodynamic modeling of massive gas injection triggered disruptions in JET

Insights into type‐I edge localized modes and edge localized mode control from JOREK non‐linear magneto‐hydrodynamic simulations

ELM pacing and high-density operation using pellet injection in the ASDEX Upgrade all-metal-wall tokamak

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