Non-random mating and population genetic subdivision of two broadcasting corals at Ningaloo Reef, Western Australia

Whitaker, K.W.

doi:10.1007/s00227-003-1220-7

Cited by 43 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…One likely mechanism is extensive within-population genetic structure (the Wahlund effect) caused by unrecognized spatial or temporal variation (David et al 1997;Whitaker 2003) that results in large deviations from HWE. However, we are uncertain why the strength of this effect should be correlated with male spawning mode but not dispersal mode (which seems more likely to influence the magnitude of within-population genetic structure).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…F IS values reflect deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) genotype frequencies and (indirectly) reflect relative population heterozygosity. High positive F IS values (and heterozygosities significantly less than those predicted at HWE) may be caused by laboratory artefacts, unobserved null alleles, natural selection acting on the genetic markers, mating among relatives, or unrecognized spatial or temporal structure within samples known as the Wahlund effect (Zouros & Foltz 1984;David et al 1997;Raymond et al 1997;Whitaker 2003). Here we report the results of a literature survey that reveals a taxonomically broad association between one life history trait (spawned planktonic sperm versus copulation) and F IS variation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spawning, copulation and inbreeding coefficients in marine invertebrates

2005

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Patterns of population genetic variation have frequently been understood as consequences of life history covariates such as dispersal ability and breeding systems (e.g. selfing). For example, marine invertebrates show enormous variation in life history traits that are correlated with the extent of gene flow between populations and the magnitude of differentiation among populations at neutral genetic markers ( F ST ). Here we document an unexpected correlation between marine invertebrate life histories and deviation from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (non-zero values of F IS , the inbreeding coefficient). F IS values were significantly higher in studies of species with free-spawned planktonic sperm than in studies of species that copulate or have some form of direct sperm transfer to females or benthic egg masses. This result was robust to several different analytical approaches. We note several mechanisms that might contribute to this pattern, and appeal for more studies and ideas that might help to explain our observations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spawning, copulation and inbreeding coefficients in marine invertebrates

2005

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“…In those fields, farmers weed the crop, and leave only a few plants from which the seed of the next generation will be derived. This reduces the effective population size, leading to population bottlenecks and the founder effect (Whitaker, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Low genetic diversity in spider plant could also be due to the reproductive mode of this crop that encourages self-pollination and thus reduced diversity. Nonrandom mating means that there is limited chance to reproduce in a manner that maintains the genetic diversity within populations (Whitaker, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discriminating phenotypic markers reveal low genetic diversity in spider plant

Wenyika¹,

Gasura²,

Kafesu³

et al. 2015

Afr. Crop Sci. J.

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Traditional vegetables such as spider plant (Cleome gynandra L.) have better nutritional and health benefits. The aim of this study was to determine the extent of genetic diversity of spider plant genotypes based on phenotypic markers and understand its implications in germplasm utilisation in Zimbabwe. Eighteen genotypes collected from across Zimbabwe were evaluated for phenotypic traits. There were no significant differences (P<0.05) in days to flowering, number of branches, fresh and dry mass, pod number, pod length and stem height. Variance components due to error were higher than genotypic variance components for all quantitative traits, resulting in low broad sense heritability estimates, < 39%. Stem colour, pod lining, number of leaf loblets, pod shape and colour, and stem pubescence showed variations. Hierarchical cluster analysis showed 30% dissimilarity among genotypes. At 85% similarity level, there were four clusters and one of the clusters had eleven out of eighteen genotypes. The results showed low genetic diversity of spider plant in the country. Most agronomic traits could have been affected by directional selection arising from farmers preferences. Some selectively neutral descriptor traits such as colour of the stem and pods, leaf loblets number, pod lining and pod shape can be used in characterising and distinguishing spider plant genotypes.Key Words: Cleome gynandra, descriptor traits, Zimbabwe RÉSUMÉLes légumes traditionnels tels que la plante arraignée (Cleome gynandra L.) ont de bonnes propriétés nutritionnelles. L'objectif de cette étude était de déterminer l'envergure de la diversité génétique des génotypes de la plante arraignée, et ceci en se basant sur des marqueurs phénotypiques en vue de l'utilisation des germplasm au Zimbabwé. Dix-huit génotypes collectés dans différents endroits au Zimbabwé ont été évalués suivant des traits phénotypiques. Il n'y avait pas de différence significative (P<0.05) entre les dates de floraison, nombres de branches, masse fraîche et sèche, nombre de fruit, longueur du fruit et taille de la tige. La composante de variance liée à l'erreur expérimentale était plus élevée que la composante de variance génotypique pour tous les traits quantitatifs mesurés, ceci résulte en une valeur faible d'héritabilité au sens large, < 39%. La couleur de la tige, l'aspect du fruit, le nombre de lobules foliaires, la forme et la couleur du fruit et la pubescence de la tige ont montré une variabilité. La classification numérique a montré 30% de dissimilarité entre les génotypes. A 85% de niveau de similarité, il y avait quatre groupes dont l'un regroupait onze des dix-huit génotypes. Les résultats ont montré une faible diversité génétique au sein de la plante arraignée au Zimbabwé. La plupart des traits agronomiques pourraient affectés par selection directionelle en tenant compte des préférences des producteurs. Certains descripteurs sélectivement neutres tels que la couleur de la tige et du fruit, le nombre de lobules foliaires, l'aspect du fruit et la forme du fruit...

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“…For some marine organisms, pelagic larval duration (PLD) is positively correlated with dispersal distance (Bohonak, 1999;Shanks and others, 2003;Selkoe and Toonen, 2011). Following expectations for short PLDs, several coral species with brooded larvae exhibit higher levels of genetic structuring than spawning species with longer PLDs (Hellberg, 1996;Ayre and Hughes, 2000;Whitaker, 2004;Underwood and others, 2009). Many broadcast spawning corals, however, exhibit evidence of limited dispersal between reefs or regions (Ayre and Hughes, 2004;Underwood and others, 2007;Miller and Ayre, 2008;Underwood and others, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deepwater Program: Lophelia II, continuing ecological research on deep-sea corals and deep-reef habitats in the Gulf of Mexico

Demopoulos¹,

Ross²,

Kellogg³

et al. 2017

Open-File Report

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For more information on the USGS-the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment-visit https://www.usgs.gov or call 1-888-ASK-USGS For an overview of USGS information products, including maps, imagery, and publications, visit https://store.usgs.gov.To order this and other USGS information products, visit https://store.usgs.gov. This study was conducted by the Ecosystems Mission Area of USGS to meet information needs identified by the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. All animal collection and handling was in accordance with Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) guidelines.Although this information product, for the most part, is in the public domain, it also may contain copyrighted materials as noted in the text. Permission to reproduce copyrighted items must be secured from the copyright owner.Suggested citation: Demopoulos, A.W.J., Ross, S.W., Kellogg, C.A., Morrison, C.L., Nizinski, M., Prouty, N.G., Bourque, J.R., Galkiewicz, J.P., Gray, M.A., Springmann, M.J., Coykendall, D.K., Miller, A., Rhode, M., Quattrini, A., Ames, C.L., Brooke, S., McClain-Counts, J., Roark, E.B., Buster, N.A., Phillips, R.M., and Frometa, J., 2017, Deepwater Program: Lophelia II, continuing ecological research on deep-sea corals and deep-reef habitats in the Gulf of Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2017-1139, 269 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20171139. ISSN 2331-1258iii PrefaceThis report presents information and results from the Lophelia II project that examined deep-sea coral habitats in the Gulf of Mexico. Background and details regarding the overall project and scope are presented in the Introductory chapter. The chapters are authored by several scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, University of North Carolina Wilmington, and Florida State University, and cover topics including community ecology (from microbes to fishes), deep-sea coral age, growth, and reproduction, and population connectivity of deep-sea corals and inhabitants. Data from these studies are presented in the chapters and appendices of the report as well as in journal publications. All chapters are published here for the first time except for figures from Chapter 5 entitled "Deep-sea black coral growth rate and age distribution in the Gulf of Mexico" which were previously published in Marine Ecology Progress Series (Prouty and others, 2011). The editors of Marine Ecology Progress Series have granted permission for these figures to be reprinted here.iv AcknowledgmentsWe thank our funding agency, USGS Ecosystems Mission Area, which provided support for the research and field endeavors for several of the research cruises. Both Colleen Charles and Dr. Gary Brewer were instrumental in the success of this multi-year study by continuing to support this endeavor. We thank the Bureau of Ocean...

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Non-random mating and population genetic subdivision of two broadcasting corals at Ningaloo Reef, Western Australia

Cited by 43 publications

References 46 publications

Spawning, copulation and inbreeding coefficients in marine invertebrates

Spawning, copulation and inbreeding coefficients in marine invertebrates

Discriminating phenotypic markers reveal low genetic diversity in spider plant

Deepwater Program: Lophelia II, continuing ecological research on deep-sea corals and deep-reef habitats in the Gulf of Mexico

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