“…(β = 0.193, CR (Critical Ratio) = 7.396, CR > 1.96, p = 0.000, p<0.05), is supported as it predicts that " There is a relation among non-technical innovation capability and CEX" . This result matches with Wang et al, (2020) who emphasized that, organizations that actively participate in non-technical innovation practices have a higher probability of providing customers with distinctive and superior value. The use of these novel strategies has the potential to result in enhanced the degrees of service excellence, heightened levels of customer satisfaction, and ultimately, increased levels of customer loyalty (Janjić & Rađenović, 2019).…”