Non-volatile organic memory with sub-millimetre bending radius

Kim, Richard Hahnkee; Kim, Hae Jin; Bae, Insung; Hwang, Sun Kak; Velusamy, Dhinesh Babu; Cho, Suk Man; Takaishi, Kazuto; Muto, Tsuyoshi; Hashizume, Daisuke; Uchiyama, Masanobu; André, Pascal; Mathevet, Fabrice; Heinrich, Benoît; Aoyama, Tetsuya; Kim, Dae Eun; Lee, Hyungsuk; Ribierre, Jean Charles; Park, Cheolmin

doi:10.1038/ncomms4583

Cited by 204 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Although the ITO/PET substrate absorbs most light with λo320 nm, the flexible C 3 N 2 H 5 ClO 4 /ITO/ PET sample shows a high transmittance of 470% at λ = 390-800 nm, exhibiting excellent transparency in the visible region (Figure 2d). 19 The ferroelectric properties of the films on the ITO/PET are characterized using both PFM and a conventional ferroelectric tester. 11,15 Although most of the film is in a single domain state, domain structures are still observed in various regions.…”

Section: Optical and Electrical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Flexibility of the C 3 N 2 H 5 ClO 4 film To demonstrate the flexibility of the film, 19 we investigate the ferroelectric domain structure of the C 3 N 2 H 5 ClO 4 on the ITO/PET under both tensile and compressive strains using PFM by bending the sample positively and negatively, respectively. Compared with the original domains (Figures 5a and b), no significant changes are observed in the domain structure as the bending radius decreases to 7.9 mm (Figure 5c) and 3.1 mm (Figure 5d).…”

Section: Optical and Electrical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Flexible organic ferroelectric films with a large piezoelectric response

Gao

Chang

et al. 2015

NPG Asia Mater

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Compared with ferroelectric oxides, organic ferroelectric materials are lightweight, flexible and easy to process. They are ideal for applications in the next-generation portable electronics. Here, we demonstrate the room-temperature growth of imidazolium perchlorate (C 3 N 2 H 5 ClO 4 ) ferroelectric films on various substrates, including Pt-coated Si, quartz and, more importantly, on flexible and transparent polyethylene terephthalate (PET). The films have a preferred (0 − 1 − 1) or (1 0 − 1) orientation. The former shows a piezoelectric response comparable with the response of the Pb(Zr 0.2 Ti 0.8 )O 3 film. This is attributed to the smaller elastic constant of the film, which makes it less susceptible to substrate clamping. When grown on PET, the film is transparent and can be bent to radii of a few millimetres without affecting its ferroelectric properties. Our discovery may significantly promote the application of molecular ferroelectrics in flexible and transparent electronics.

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Section: Optical and Electrical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Optical and Electrical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible organic ferroelectric films with a large piezoelectric response

Gao

Chang

et al. 2015

NPG Asia Mater

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“…The modulus obtained for the electrospun wire was 2.3 GPa, in agreement with measurements on 300 nm thick fi lms of the same material. [ 39 ] A custom data-recording system consisting of a lock-in amplifi er (SR830, Standard Research Systems), a multiplexer (FixYourBoard.com, U802), and a laptop was used to capture opencircuit voltage data from the piezo-wires. An input reference signal of 1 kHz was set.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shear Piezoelectricity in Poly(vinylidenefluoride‐co‐trifluoroethylene): Full Piezotensor Coefficients by Molecular Modeling, Biaxial Transverse Response, and Use in Suspended Energy‐Harvesting Nanostructures

et al. 2016

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Piezoelectric materials and associated nanostructures accumulate electrical charges on their surfaces in response to an applied mechanical stress, through the change in their spontaneous electric polarization. [1,2] Exploiting deformations induced by motion, mechanical vibrations, and environmental noise, [3,4] these systems are extremely attractive for energy harvesting in information and communications technologies and personalized electronics. [5][6][7] Solid-state materials such as crystals [8] and ceramics [9] have been integrated in complex networks for the internet of things [10] as actuators, sensors, and transducers, [11] and as switches in memory devices. Recently, the emerging of magnetoelectric data storage, [12] self-power sources for smart wearables [13] or implantable biomedical devices [14,15] fostered to conjugate mechanical energy harvesting with easy shaped, biocompatible flexible materials. [16,17] In particular, the request of bendable and stretchable systems can be fulfilled with elongated nanostructures (e.g. nanowires and nanotubes).In this framework, organics show an unequalled processing flexibility, lightweight, largearea and low-cost manufacturing methods, biocompatibility, and low acoustic and mechanical impedance, which make them ideal for underwater and medical applications. [14,15,18] For instance, copolymers of vinylidenefluoride (VDF, [CH 2 -CF 2 ] n ) with trifluoroethylene (TrFE), are stable and achieve a high degree of crystallinity (>90%). [19] In addition, they do not need to be poled because they directly crystallize from melt or solution into the ferroelectric (-) phase. Piezoelectricity in these materials is related to the electronegativity difference in hydrogen and fluorine atoms, which determines an effective dipole moment in the direction normal to the carbon backbone. Consequently, these films or nanostructures are often utilized with top/bottom contacts. [20][21][22][23] Instead, the special piezoelectric properties of polymers such as the poly(vinylidenefluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) [P(VDF-TrFE)] might lead to the development of much more versatile nanogenerator architectures. Differently from crystalline inorganic

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“…With fl exible and stretchable batteries, [66][67][68][69][70] processors, 71 and memory [72][73][74][75][76][77] becoming available, more complex devices with good electrical properties can be achieved using only fl exible devices, enabling entire systems with mechanical fl exibility throughout.…”

Section: Integrated Circuits and Systems On Foils Designmentioning

confidence: 99%