Noncontact mobile sensing for absolute stress in rail using photoluminescence piezospectroscopy

Kim, Namgyu; Yun, Hae‐Bum

doi:10.1177/1475921717742102

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Contacless chemical sensing based on photoluminescence piezospectroscopy (PLPS) was recently proposed by Kim and Yun. 73 PLPS is a vibrational spectroscopy technique used for chemical identification and originally developed to measure residual stress in aluminum oxides. [74][75][76][77] For CWR applications, a low-power laser is focused on the thermite welding of CWR to detect alpha-phase aluminum oxide (a-Al 2 O 3 ).…”

Section: Chemical-based Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stability of continuous welded rails: A state-of-the-art review of structural modeling and nondestructive evaluation

Enshaeian

Rizzo

2021

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F:

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Continuous welded rails (CWR) are track segments welded together to form a continuous miles-long track. With respect to mechanically-jointed rails, CWR are stronger, smoother, require less maintenance, and can be traveled at higher speeds. Despite these advantages, CWR are prone to fracture during cold seasons and to instability during warm seasons when the increase in the steel temperature induces extreme compression. To better understand buckling mechanism, engineers studied the structural behavior of rails under static and dynamic loads. Some of these models represent the basis of noninvasive methods to measure longitudinal stress. Both structural analyses and nondestructive evaluation methods are tools to predict the temperatures and the field conditions at which rails experience extreme tensile or compressive stress. This article reviews the last three decades of research and development on the structural analysis and nondestructive evaluation of CWR. The scope of this document is to provide a holistic view of the developments in rail engineering and nondestructive evaluation relevant to the problem of thermal buckling. Advantages and limitations of the analyses and of the nondestructive methods are discussed based upon the information available in the scientific literature. Additionally, any knowledge gap to be addressed by the scientific community in the years to come is identified and discussed.

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Section: Chemical-based Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stability of continuous welded rails: A state-of-the-art review of structural modeling and nondestructive evaluation

Enshaeian

Rizzo

2021

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F:

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“…Photoluminescence piezospectroscopy (PLPS) is considered a technique of choice when examining surface imperfections, and nanoscale stress distribution on material surfaces are of significance. It is most frequently used for the analysis of alumina containing materials, typically ceramics [79,80], thermal coatings [81,82], or weld analysis [83]. The principle of this method is based on observations of the shifts of fluorescent Cr 3+ , as it is always present as an impurity (or added externally dopant) in aluminum, in response to applied stress.…”

Section: Photoluminescence Piezospectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectroscopic Methods Used in Implant Material Studies

et al. 2020

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It is recognized that interactions between most materials are governed by their surface properties and manifest themselves at the interface formed between them. To gain more insight into this thin layer, several methods have been deployed. Among them, spectroscopic methods have been thoroughly evaluated. Due to their exceptional sensitivity, data acquisition speed, and broad material tolerance they have been proven to be invaluable tools for surface analysis, used by scientists in many fields, for example, implant studies. Today, in modern medicine the use of implants is considered standard practice. The past two decades of constant development has established the importance of implants in dentistry, orthopedics, as well as extended their applications to other areas such as aesthetic medicine. Fundamental to the success of implants is the knowledge of the biological processes involved in interactions between an implant and its host tissue, which are directly connected to the type of implant material and its surface properties. This review aims to demonstrate the broad applications of spectroscopic methods in implant material studies, particularly discussing hard implants, surface composition studies, and surface–cell interactions.

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“…6 The disadvantages are related to ease of implementation, system complexity, practicality, accuracy, reliability, simplicity, cost, and instrumentation demands. Some of the existing methodologies are destructive and disrupt operations; 7 all methods rely on data collected through some sort of contact of the equipment/instrumentation with the rail, and also methods may require a stress-free reference measurement which is typically not available after rail has been installed in track. 7 Some of these technologies exist as commercial products, while others are at a research and development phase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some of the existing methodologies are destructive and disrupt operations; 7 all methods rely on data collected through some sort of contact of the equipment/instrumentation with the rail, and also methods may require a stress-free reference measurement which is typically not available after rail has been installed in track. 7 Some of these technologies exist as commercial products, while others are at a research and development phase. These methods can be grouped with respect to the underlying basic principles as (i) rail cutting, (ii) rail lifting, (iii) hole drilling, (iv) deformation measurements, (v) ultrasonic waves, (vi) X-ray, (vii) magnetics, (viii) vibro-elastics, and (ix) piezoelectric.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A non-contacting system for rail neutral temperature and stress measurements: Concept development

Knopf

Rizos

Qian

et al. 2020

Structural Health Monitoring

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Continuous welded rail has become the standard in modern railway track construction around the world because it alleviates well-documented disadvantages of rail joints in a track. Continuous welded rail practice results in long segments of continuous rail in track that will develop significant thermal longitudinal stresses due to the absence of expansion joints. Before a continuous welded rail is laid, the rail is free of thermal stresses; the temperature at that time is known as the rail neutral temperature. The design rail neutral temperature is calculated based on local climate projections. As a continuous welded rail is laid, it may be stretched or compressed if the current temperature is not within the calculated design rail neutral temperature range, prior to anchoring the rail down. Upon anchoring, as temperatures deviate from the rail neutral temperature, significant tensile or compressive longitudinal stresses develop, leading to a track buckling or rail pull-apart that compromise the integrity of the track and the safety of train operation. Existing methods to estimate the rail neutral temperature and determine the state of stress in the rail have significant shortcomings related to the ease of implementation, system complexity, practicality, reliability, simplicity, cost, and instrumentation demands. We propose a novel concept for measuring stress in rail segments and determining the rail neutral temperature. The proposed method is based on measurements of nonuniform deformations of the rail under thermal loading, as observed in computer simulations and laboratory investigations. The implementation uses thermal imaging and three-dimensional stereo-digital image correlation technology to acquire full-field deformations. The acquired data are processed to estimate rail neutral temperature and quantify the longitudinal stress in the rail. This article presents the analytical and experimental work that led to the conception of the method and introduces the systematic approach to develop the method along with verification and validation studies.

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Noncontact mobile sensing for absolute stress in rail using photoluminescence piezospectroscopy

Cited by 11 publications

References 23 publications

Stability of continuous welded rails: A state-of-the-art review of structural modeling and nondestructive evaluation

Stability of continuous welded rails: A state-of-the-art review of structural modeling and nondestructive evaluation

Spectroscopic Methods Used in Implant Material Studies

A non-contacting system for rail neutral temperature and stress measurements: Concept development

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