Nondestructive Evaluation for the Viability of Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) Seeds Using Fourier Transform Near Infrared Spectroscopy

Abstract

Conventional methods used to evaluate seeds viability are destructive, time consuming, and require the use of chemicals, which are not feasible to implement to process plant in seed industry. In this study, the effectiveness of Fourier transform near infrared (FT-NIR) spectroscopy to differentiate between viable and nonviable watermelon seeds was investigated. Methods: FT-NIR reflectance spectra of both viable and non-viable (aging) seeds were collected in the range of 4,000-10,000 cm-1 (1,000-2,500 nm). To differentiate between viable and non-viable seeds, a multivariate classification model was developed with partial least square discrimination analysis (PLS-DA). Results: The calibration and validation set derived from the PLS-DA model classified viable and non-viable seeds with 100% accuracy. The beta coefficient of PLS-DA, which represented spectral difference between viable and non-viable seeds, showed that change in the chemical component of the seed membrane (such as lipids and proteins) might be responsible for the germination ability of the seeds. Conclusions: The results demonstrate the possibility of using FT-NIR spectroscopy to separate seeds based on viability, which could be used in the development of an online sorting technique.

Comparative nondestructive measurement of corn seed viability using Fourier transform near-infrared (FT-NIR) and Raman spectroscopy

“…The reflectance spectra were acquired on a single-seed basis, one after the other. The kernel placed on the sample holder was irradiated by the NIR halogen light, which was then reflected from the seed to the detector [10]. The treated and untreated corn seeds were tested individually at the wavelength range of 4000-10000 cm −1 (1000-2500 nm) at 8 cm −1 intervals.…”

“…A variety of product inspection techniques ranging from low-capability gadgets to sophisticated high-tech equipment have http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2015. 10.082 0925-4005/© 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. evolved over time to aid the detection and classification of undesired agricultural products [2].…”

Detection of viability of soybean seed based on fluorescence hyperspectra and CARS‐SVM‐AdaBoost model

“…Guo et al (2013) applied NIR technology to identify the viable and nonviable maize seeds and the classification accuracy reached 88.53%. Lohumi, Mo, Kang, Hong, and Cho (2013) explored the feasibility of using Fourier transform near-infrared spectroscopy (FT-NIR) combined with partial least squaresdiscriminant analysis (PLS-DA) to identify the viability of watermelon seeds. Moreover, FT-NIR technology combined with PLS-DA model was applied for the viability detection of crop seeds such as corn (Ambrose, Lohumi, Lee, & Cho, 2016) and soybean (Kusumaningrum et al, 2017), and the satisfactory results were achieved.…”

Large-Scale Screening of Intact Tomato Seeds for Viability Using Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (NIRS)

“…In this way, the authors of [21] applied NIRS to detect of viable and nonviable field scot pine seeds by differences of drying rate. Additionally, the authors of [22] studied nondestructive evaluation for viability of watermelon seeds using FT-NIRS.…”