Nondestructive measurement of layer thickness in water‐assisted coinjection‐molded product by ultrasonic technology

Xia, Neng; Zhao, Peng; Kuang, Tangqing; Zhao, Yao; Zhang, Jianfeng; Fu, Jianzhong

doi:10.1002/app.46540

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Local mechanical properties are also a vital factor in the application of micro parts, such as micro gears . Current testing methods include ultrasonic technology, dielectric sensing, magnetic levitation, and nanoindentation . For example, Zhao et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[10][11][12][13][14][15] Local mechanical properties are also a vital factor in the application of micro parts, such as micro gears. 16 Current testing methods include ultrasonic technology, [17][18][19][20][21] dielectric sensing, 22,23 magnetic levitation, [24][25][26][27][28][29][30] and nanoindentation. 31,32 For example, Zhao et al first found the linear relationship between the degree of crystallinity and the ultrasound velocity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of injection speed on the mechanical properties of isotactic polypropylene micro injection molded parts based on a nanoindentation test

Wang

Zhang

Jiang

et al. 2018

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Isotactic polypropylene micro parts were molded at different injection speeds by microinjection molding. The morphology and micro structure were characterized by a polarizing microscope, and the mechanical properties of differently structured layers were characterized by nanoindentation experiments. The influence of injection speed on the nanoindentation mechanical properties of each structural layer of the micro parts was analyzed. The results showed that the mechanical properties of different layers were different, the modulus and hardness of the position near the core layer were largest, and the modulus and hardness of the position near the skin were smallest. It is compelling that the modulus and hardness of each layer decreased first and then increased as the injection speed increased under a higher melt temperature (240 °C). Meanwhile, the opposite trend was observed at a lower melt temperature (220 °C). This phenomenon can be attributed to the competitive mechanism of the shear heat effect and the disorientation effect. In addition, injection speed had a greater influence on the nanoindentation mechanical properties in the perpendicular direction than in the flow direction. This work systematically explored the relationship between the microstructure and the local mechanical properties, which can provide new insights for microinjection molding design in the future. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47329.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of injection speed on the mechanical properties of isotactic polypropylene micro injection molded parts based on a nanoindentation test

Wang

Zhang

Jiang

et al. 2018

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…Layer thickness in a water-assisted co-injection moulding process, which is a process for the production of hollow components with multi-layered walls, has also been investigated by ultrasound sensors [ 37 ]. The authors proposed a model for ultrasound propagation in a layered polymer from a co-injection process.…”

Section: Conventional Ultrasonic Transducer (Ut) Applications In the Injection Moulding Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound Sensors for Process Monitoring in Injection Moulding

Kariminejad

Tormey

Huq

et al. 2021

Sensors

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Injection moulding is an extremely important industrial process, being one of the most commonly-used plastic formation techniques. However, the industry faces many current challenges associated with demands for greater product customisation, higher precision and, most urgently, a shift towards more sustainable materials and processing. Accurate real-time sensing of the material and part properties during processing is key to achieving rapid process optimisation and set-up, reducing down-times, and reducing waste material and energy in the production of defective products. While most commercial processes rely on point measurements of pressure and temperature, ultrasound transducers represent a non-invasive and non-destructive source of rich information on the mould, the cavity and the polymer melt, and its morphology, which affect critical quality parameters such as shrinkage and warpage. In this paper the relationship between polymer properties and the propagation of ultrasonic waves is described and the application of ultrasound measurements in injection moulding is evaluated. The principles and operation of both conventional and high temperature ultrasound transducers (HTUTs) are reviewed together with their impact on improving the efficiency of the injection moulding process. The benefits and challenges associated with the recent development of sol-gel methods for HTUT fabrication are described together with a synopsis of further research and development needed to ensure a greater industrial uptake of ultrasonic sensing in injection moulding.

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“…Injection molding is regarded as the most important method for mass-producing plastic parts [1][2][3][4], and it is complicated because of steep thermal gradients and complex flow geometries; many studies have been conducted in this field [5][6][7][8][9][10]. e product weight of a plastic part is considered one of the most significant properties, especially for plastic parts with high precision requirements, such as plastic lenses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Injection-Molding Process Parameters for Weight Control: Converting Optimization Problem to Classification Problem

Zhao

Dong

Zhang

et al. 2020

Advances in Polymer Technology

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Product weight is one of the most important properties for an injection-molded part. The determination of process parameters for obtaining an accurate weight is therefore essential. This study proposed a new optimization strategy for the injection-molding process in which the parameter optimization problem is converted to a weight classification problem. Injection-molded parts are produced under varying parameters and labeled as positive or negative compared with the standard weight, and the weight error of each sample is calculated. A support vector classifier (SVC) method is applied to construct a classification hyperplane in which the weight error is supposed to be zero. A particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm contributes to the tuning of the hyperparameters of the SVC model in order to minimize the error between the SVC prediction results and the experimental results. The proposed method is verified to be highly accurate, and its average weight error is 0.0212%. This method only requires a small amount of experiment samples and thus can reduce cost and time. This method has the potential to be widely promoted in the optimization of injection-molding process parameters.

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Nondestructive measurement of layer thickness in water‐assisted coinjection‐molded product by ultrasonic technology

Cited by 18 publications

References 42 publications

Effect of injection speed on the mechanical properties of isotactic polypropylene micro injection molded parts based on a nanoindentation test

Effect of injection speed on the mechanical properties of isotactic polypropylene micro injection molded parts based on a nanoindentation test

Ultrasound Sensors for Process Monitoring in Injection Moulding

Optimization of Injection-Molding Process Parameters for Weight Control: Converting Optimization Problem to Classification Problem

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