Noninvasive diagnostic methods for diabetes mellitus from tear fluid

Abstract

In our pilot study we assessed the diagnostic potential of FS, IRS and AFM for diabetes mellitus using tear fluid.

Effect of temperature on evaporation dynamics of sheep's blood droplets and topographic analysis of induced patterns

“…The evaporation of biofluids shows different induced patterns according to the process of self-organization during evaporation, which may be a significant improvement in the diagnosis and detection of diseases. These biofluids include blood serum [ 1 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ], whole blood [ 12 , 13 , 14 ], and tear fluid [ 15 ].…”

Native fluorescence of tear fluid as a tool for diagnostics of glaucoma

“…To date, although many studies demonstrated the diagnostic potential of SFS, 32–35 tear fluid was analyzed by this method only in two studies. Glinská et al 11 studied tear fluid of diabetic patients with different treatments and length of the disease. They analyzed the shifts and fluorescence intensity of synchronous fluorescent spectral signal located at λ ex /Δ λ ≈ 280/50 nm between patients with different treatment and length of the disease.…”

“…These methods have been constantly and consistently used for the study of tear uid in various diseases and were helpful in better understanding the disease molecular mechanisms. [11][12][13] Moreover, they have the potential not only to make the regular examinations faster and easier but might capture the initial pathological changes in glaucomatous patients.…”

Derivative Three-Dimensional Synchronous Fluorescence Analysis of Tear Fluid and Their Processing for the Diagnosis of Glaucoma

“…Metabolomic analysis of tear fluid has been used for diagnostic purposes in many studies in the case of ocular diseases which are characterized by loss of tear production, e.g., glaucoma [ 4 ], dry eye syndrome (DES) [ 5 ], and systemic diseases, such as diabetes mellitus [ 6 ], major depressive disorder [ 7 ], or even cancer [ 8 , 9 ]. For identifying changed content of tear fluid, researchers use various methods.…”

“…The use of an appropriate analytical method that characterizes its composition without separation procedures but is sensitive to changes caused by pathological conditions is crucial. Three-dimensional fluorescence analysis in the form of constant wavelength synchronous spectra (CW) shows enormous potential [ 2 , 6 , 7 ].…”