Increasing generation and inadequate disposal of waste progressively compromise our environment. Solutions are proposed by the development of biodegradable polymers, that is, for short‐term applications like packaging. The present study focuses on the design and characterization of biodegradable poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate) (PBAT) nanocomposites reinforced by different types of nanoclays. The addition of natural and modified montmorillonite and bentonite to PBAT by melt mixing enhances slightly the thermal stability and increases the crystallization temperature, independently of the fillers' dispersion state. By contrast, storage modulus in dynamic mechanical analysis is increased when adding nanoclay, and improvement is higher for well‐dispersed organomodified fillers. Dispersion states and morphology of the nanocomposites are studied by X‐ray diffraction as well as scanning and transmission electron microscopy. PBAT‐based composites with modified bentonite reveal to show the best performance at room temperature (which is the temperature of interest for potential packaging applications) in comparison with the other investigated nanocomposites.POLYM. COMPOS., 33:2022–2028, 2012. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers