Nonlinear electron dynamics in metal clusters

Calvayrac, F.; Reinhard, P.‐G.; Suraud, E.; Ullrich, Carsten A.

doi:10.1016/s0370-1573(00)00043-0

Cited by 458 publications

(447 citation statements)

References 175 publications

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“…For electron dynamics in bulk matter as well as in molecules, one often needs to go to the less demanding approach based on time-dependent density-functional theory (TDDFT) [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] . We consider the TDDFT is the only ab-initio quantum method applicable to high fields in condensed media.…”

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confidence: 99%

Time-dependent density functional theory for strong electromagnetic fields in crystalline solids

et al. 2012

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We apply the coupled dynamics of time-dependent density functional theory and Maxwell equations to the interaction of intense laser pulses with crystalline silicon. As a function of electromagnetic field intensity, we see several regions in the response. At the lowest intensities, the pulse is reflected and transmitted in accord with the dielectric response, and the characteristics of the energy deposition is consistent with two-photon absorption. The absorption process begins to deviate from that at laser intensities ∼ 10 13 W/cm 2 , where the energy deposited is of the order of 1 eV per atom. Changes in the reflectivity are seen as a function of intensity. When it passes a threshold of about 3 × 10 12 W/cm 2 , there is a small decrease. At higher intensities, above 2 × 10 13 W/cm 2 , the reflectivity increases strongly. This behavior can be understood qualitatively in a model treating the excited electron-hole pairs as a plasma.

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Time-dependent density functional theory for strong electromagnetic fields in crystalline solids

et al. 2012

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“…Gr, 67.57.Lm There is currently a great deal of interest in investigating collective plasma modes [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8] in quantum plasmas, as such plasmas could be of relevance in nano-scale electro-mechanical systems [9,10,11], in microplasmas and dense laser-plasmas [12], and laser interactions with atomic systems [13,14]. For example, Refs.…”

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confidence: 99%

Dynamics of Spin-12Quantum Plasmas

2007

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The fully nonlinear governing equations for spin 1 2 quantum plasmas are presented. Starting from the Pauli equation, the relevant plasma equations are derived, and it is shown that nontrivial quantum spin couplings arise, enabling studies of the combined collective and spin dynamics. The linear response of the quantum plasma in an electron-ion system is obtained and analyzed. Applications of the theory to solid state and astrophysical systems as well as dusty plasmas are pointed out.PACS numbers: 52.27.-h, 52.27. Gr, 67.57.Lm There is currently a great deal of interest in investigating collective plasma modes [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8] in quantum plasmas, as such plasmas could be of relevance in nano-scale electro-mechanical systems [9,10,11], in microplasmas and dense laser-plasmas [12], and laser interactions with atomic systems [13,14]. For example, Refs.[1] and [3,4,5] used quantum transport models in order to derive modified dispersion relations for Langmuir and ion-acoustic waves, while Shukla & Stenflo [15] ionvestigated drift modes in nonuniform quantum magnetoplasmas. Moreover, it is known that cold quantum plasmas can support new dust modes [16,17]. In Ref.[8] it was shown that electron quantum plasmas could support highly stable dark solitons and vortices. Further examples of quantum plasmas and the range of validity of their descriptions has been discussed recently in Ref. [18]. The above studies of quantum plasmas have used models based on the Schrödinger description of the electron. It is expected that new and possible important effects could appear as further quantum effects are incorporated in models describing the quantum plasma particles. The coupling of spin to classical motion has attracted interest in the literature (see, e.g., [19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31]). Much work has been done concerning single particle spin effects in external field configurations, such as intense laser fields [22,23,24,25,26,27], and the possible experimental signatures thereof. However, there have also been interest in excitations of collective modes in spin systems, such as spin waves, in a wide scientific community. For example, in Refs. [19,20,21] hydrodynamical models including spin was presented, and further theory concerning spin, angular momentum, and the forces related to spin was discussed in Refs. [29] and [30]. Moreover, spin waves in spinor Bose condensates has recently been discussed in, e.g., Ref. [31]. The treatment of charged particles and plasmas using quantum theory has received attention in astrophysical settings, especially in strongly mag- * Electronic address: mattias.marklund@physics.umu.se † Electronic address: gert.brodin@physics.umu.se netized environments [32,33]. For example, effects of quantum field theory on the linear response of an electron gas has been analyzed [34], results concerning the spin-dependence of cyclotron decay on strong magnetic fields has been presented [35], and the propagation of quantum electrodynamical waves in strongly magnetized plasmas has been considered ...

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“…The excitation spectra in the linear response regime are computed using TDLDA by standard techniques of spectral analysis [10,11]. The laser induced dynamics is simulated by adding to the TDLDA the laser pulses (propagating in z-direction) as classical external dipole fields of the form W (t) = E 0 z sin 2 (t/T ) cos(ωt) where E 0 is the field strength (∝ square root of the intensity I), ω the frequency, and T the pulse duration [1,10]. quite enough to consider only one low-energy quadrupole mode, namely that of λµ =20.…”

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Two-photon excitation of low-lying electronic quadrupole states in atomic clusters

et al. 2006

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A simple scheme of population and detection of low-lying electronic quadrupole modes in free small deformed metal clusters is proposed. The scheme is analyzed in terms of the TDLDA (timedependent local density approximation) calculations. As test case, the deformed cluster N a + 11 is considered. Long-living quadrupole oscillations are generated via resonant two-photon (two-dipole) excitation and then detected through the appearance of satellites in the photoelectron spectra generated by a probe pulse. Femtosecond pump and probe pulses with intensities I = 2 · 10 10 − 2 · 10 11 W/cm 2 and pulse duration T = 200 − 500 fs are found to be optimal. The modes of interest are dominated by a single electron-hole pair and so their energies, being combined with the photoelectron data for hole states, allow to gather new information about mean-field spectra of valence electrons in the HOMO-LUMO region. Besides, the scheme allows to estimate the lifetime of electron-hole pairs and hence the relaxation time of electronic energy into ionic heat.

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Nonlinear electron dynamics in metal clusters

Cited by 458 publications

References 175 publications

Time-dependent density functional theory for strong electromagnetic fields in crystalline solids

Time-dependent density functional theory for strong electromagnetic fields in crystalline solids

Dynamics of Spin-12Quantum Plasmas

Two-photon excitation of low-lying electronic quadrupole states in atomic clusters

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