Nonlinear soil response to ground motions during different earthquakes in Nepal, to arrive at surface response spectra

Kumar, Abhishek; Harinarayan, N. H.

doi:10.1007/s11069-017-2751-4

Cited by 23 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The 1934 Bihar-Nepal EQ is considered as one of the great EQs in India which had caused wide spread damages causing more than 10,000 causalities. Further, this EQ had caused wide spread liquefaction and damage in India and adjoining regions [4]. In Nepal, at several locations, the ground had slumped, tilted and fissured.…”

Section: Discussion Based On Case Studies For Three Major To Great Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Suitability of Widely Followed Earthquake Early Warning Systems to Seismically Active Regions of India, by Considering Destructive Intensity as a Parameter

Baro¹,

Kumar²,

Kumar³

2019

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Background: Indian subcontinent has been witnessing moderate to damaging earthquakes (EQs) since prehistoric times. With growth in the population density and the construction activity, the probable damage during future EQs will also be manifold in comparison to the past. Issuing warnings in advance to the actual arrival of damage causing secondary waves under Earthquake Early Warning (EEW) system is widely followed in different parts of the globe. Though India has been facing EQ induced damages on an alarming level, no functioning EEW system is available in the Indian subcontinent. Present work tests the effectiveness of widely followed Compact Urgent Earthquake Detection and Alarm System (UrEDAS) of Japan by using Destructive Intensity (DI) as a parameter. Main findings: To do so, firstly based on PEER records, empirical correlation between magnitude and intensity is proposed for the detection of alarming EQ. Further, proposed correlation is applied to three different sources of ground motion dataset namely K-NET, PEER and PESMOS in order find out to whether the ground motion is corresponding to a damaging EQ, based on P wave arrival and subsequently use the information to issue a warning in advance. In the absence of recorded ground motion for major to great EQs in India, synthetic ground motions developed in earlier work are used for identification of damaging EQs and issuing of alarm. Conclusions: Overall, it is found that out of 149 EQ records (M ≥ 5) considered in this work, 139 EQs are found correct to raise warning, based on the proposed methodology. In addition, the time window of escape between issue of warning and the actual arrival of secondary waves, are found to vary from 0s to 1mins approximately. Findings from present work concludes that identification of damaging EQ based on first 3s P wave signature, as followed in US and Japan are also compatible for Indian subcontinent towards development of a EEW for the country. This will be very helpful in minimizing casualties and building damages during probable future EQs in India.EEW system involves the detection of the arrival of first seismic wave generated by an EQ at the recording stations. Based on a threshold value of the selected parameter (magnitude or intensity) in that particular EEW system, a warning will be issued to the target site (e.g. a densely populated city or railway station). Thus, before the actual arrival of the damage causing secondary waves at that particular site, people will be prepared in advance. Hence, the time interval between the issue of alarms and the arrival of secondary waves at the site can be used for mitigation and transfer of the population to safer locations. Since, the warning is issued earlier to the actual arrival of damage causing secondary wave, such systems are called as Earthquake Early Warning (EEW) systems. There are two approaches to the EEW system namely regional EEW and on-site EEW. In the regional EEW system, a number of seismic sensors, in the form of an array are placed around the possible regions o...

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Section: Discussion Based On Case Studies For Three Major To Great Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Suitability of Widely Followed Earthquake Early Warning Systems to Seismically Active Regions of India, by Considering Destructive Intensity as a Parameter

Baro¹,

Kumar²,

Kumar³

2019

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“…As highlighted by Kumar et al (2017aKumar et al ( , b, 2018a, Harinarayan and Kumar (2018) the response of same soil will change depending upon the level of shear strains an input motion generates in it. As a result, a soil may undergo large amplification of ground motion when subjected to lower amplitude ground motions.…”

Section: Guwahati and Its Seismicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A close observation of Table 1 indicates that Guwahati can experience significant ground shaking due to nearby as well as distant EQs. Earlier attempted ground response analyses works for Guwahati were based on closed range of PHA from 0.15 g to 0.25 g. Considering the fact that Guwahati is Kumar et al (2016Kumar et al ( , 2017a collectively concluded that input motions having PHA C 0.2 g will have minimal effect on local soil amplification. Further, motions with PHA \ 0.1 g will result in higher amplification by the local soil.…”

Section: Selection Of Input Motionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further, this will also overcome the limitations of previous studies where limited scenarios were considered for understanding subsoil response. Works by Mondal and Kumar (2016), Kumar and Baro (2016), Kumar et al (2017a, Kumar and Mondal (2017), Kumar et al (2018a, b) discussed in detail the advantage of using above selected 30 ground motions in GRA for overall understanding of the subsoil response.…”

Section: Selection Of Input Motionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Soil types available at the site of interest and soil thickness play a significant role in altering the bedrock ground motions while reaching surface (Anbazhagan et al 2010a(Anbazhagan et al , 2011NDMA 2011;Kumar et al 2012;Kumar et al 2015Kumar et al , 2016Kumar et al , 2017aMondal and Kumar 2016, Kumar and Mondal 2017. This phenomenon is called as local site effect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design Response Spectra and Site Coefficients for Various Seismic Site Classes of Guwahati, India, Based on Extensive Ground Response Analyses

Kumar

Suman

2020

Geotech Geol Eng

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Seismicity of northeast India and its surroundings is governed by complex tectonic setting. Guwahati, the largest city of northeast India, had suffered minor to major damages during past earthquakes (EQs). Known seismic source information also suggests that Guwahati is susceptible for future EQs both from nearby as well as distance source. Taking into account the subsoil information of Guwahati, present work attempts to understand the role of Guwahati soil during probable seismic excitation. In the absence of regional ground motion records, covering a possible variation in ground motion characteristics, which can occur during potential future EQ, 30 globally recorded ground motions are used as input motions in this work. Each input motion is applied to each of the 225 boreholes resulting in 225 9 30 = 6750 ground response analyses using equivalent linear approach. Based on the response of subsoil to each input motion, site coefficients as well as average response spectra for various seismic site classes are proposed. It has to be mentioned here that in comparison to previous works which attempted to understand the subsoil of Guwahati based on specific location-based subsoil information and specific scenario EQ, present work provides a broader picture of soil response which can be applied to any level of ground shaking. Further, based on predominant period, suggestion of maximum building storeys are suggested for Guwahati. In addition, based on the work, characteristics of EQ scenario, which can trigger maximum response from local soil of Guwahati, are assessed. Based on the present analyses, design response spectra of Guwahati are also proposed. Keeping in mind Government of India's policy towards the development of northeast India and further to develop Guwahati as ''Smart city'', the present findings will be very useful in city planning, estimation of induced effects as well as for seismic design of probable infrastructure in Guwahati.

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One-Dimensional Ground Response Analysis to Arrive at Surface Peak Ground Acceleration—A Case Study of Golaghat District in Assam

Siddique¹,

Dutta

Deka

2021

Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering

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Nonlinear soil response to ground motions during different earthquakes in Nepal, to arrive at surface response spectra

Cited by 23 publications

References 37 publications

Suitability of Widely Followed Earthquake Early Warning Systems to Seismically Active Regions of India, by Considering Destructive Intensity as a Parameter

Suitability of Widely Followed Earthquake Early Warning Systems to Seismically Active Regions of India, by Considering Destructive Intensity as a Parameter

Design Response Spectra and Site Coefficients for Various Seismic Site Classes of Guwahati, India, Based on Extensive Ground Response Analyses

One-Dimensional Ground Response Analysis to Arrive at Surface Peak Ground Acceleration—A Case Study of Golaghat District in Assam

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