Nonresolving pleural effusion in an elderly woman: A case report

Microfilaria in pleural fluid cytology: A rare finding

“…Topical pulmonary eosinophilia is an occult form of lymphatic filariasis with pulmonary manifestation presents with paroxysmal cough, wheezing, shortness of breath, malaise, anorexia, and weight loss. [ 2 3 ] In the present case, pulmonary symptoms and peripheral blood eosinophilia both manifestations were found. Pathophysiology of topical pulmonary eosinophilia is immunological hypersensitivity to indwelling microfilarial antigen in pulmonary lymphatics.…”

“…Filariasis is a major health problem in India. [ 2 3 ] It is endemic in the states along the sea costs and river banks. [ 3 6 ] W. bancrofti is the most common species identified.…”

“…[ 2 3 ] It is endemic in the states along the sea costs and river banks. [ 3 6 ] W. bancrofti is the most common species identified. [ 5 6 ] Microfilaria is occasionally identified in cytology smears.…”

“…[ 1 2 ] It is a major health problem in India and endemic along the sea costs and river banks. [ 2 3 ] Clinical manifestations of filariasis range from asymptomatic microfilariasis to acute manifestations such as fever, epididymo-orchitis, lymphangitis, lymphadenitis, or chronic symptoms such as hydrocele, lymphedema, elephantiasis, and topical pulmonary eosinophilia. [ 3 4 ] Microfilaria in peripheral blood examination is frequent in filarial-endemic regions both in symptomatic or asymptomatic cases.…”

“…[ 2 3 ] Clinical manifestations of filariasis range from asymptomatic microfilariasis to acute manifestations such as fever, epididymo-orchitis, lymphangitis, lymphadenitis, or chronic symptoms such as hydrocele, lymphedema, elephantiasis, and topical pulmonary eosinophilia. [ 3 4 ] Microfilaria in peripheral blood examination is frequent in filarial-endemic regions both in symptomatic or asymptomatic cases. However, the presence of microfilaria in pleural fluid cytology is very rare finding even in endemic areas.…”