Nonstandard work arrangements.

Abstract

T here are several types of work arrangements between those who perform work and those who provide jobs. Standard arrangements continue to be the most prevalent, but the prevalence of some types of nonstandard arrangements seem to be increasing. While there are no commonly accepted definitions for all types of work arrangements, and they are typically understudied in the occupational health psychology literature, evidence continues to build on the different ways they affect the safety, health, and well-being of workers. This chapter reviews the definitions, classification, and prevalence of nonstandard work arrangements and related concepts. It also provides a curated literature review on their impact on healthy work design and worker wellbeing, in addition to their role in the future of work. DEFINITIONS AND CLASSIFICATION OF WORK ARRANGEMENTSThe lack of commonly accepted definitions of work arrangements affects the ability to accurately assess prevalence estimates of work arrangement types and, in turn, work design and worker well-being research findings based on these estimates. To help clarify this issue, we provide an overview of a two-tiered approach to classify work arrangements. The first tier is a legal approach to classifying employed, coemployed, and nonemployee workers (e.g., independentThis chapter was coauthored by employees of the United States (U.S.) government as part of official duty and is considered to be in the public domain. Any views expressed herein do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. government, and the authors' participation in the work is not meant to serve as an official endorsement.