Nonthermal atmospheric plasma reactors for hydrogen production from low-density polyethylene

Tabu, Benard; Akers, Kevin S.; Yu, Peng; Baghirzade, Mammadbaghir; Brack, Eric; Drew, Christopher; Mack, J. Hunter; Wong, Hsi‐Wu; Trelles, Juan Pablo

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.09.161

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Unfortunately, they did not further analyze the resulting gases and only targeted H 2 production. 166 The use of a cold plasma provides the opportunity to control the chemical reactions as bond cleavage is a matter of electron impact decomposition, 167 which is primarily dependent on the easily controllable electron densities and electron temperatures, instead of the heavy particle temperature.…”

Section: Chemical Recycling?mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plastic Waste Recycling─A Chemical Recycling Perspective

Schade,

Melzer,

Zimmermann

et al. 2024

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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This article provides an overview of plastic recycling development since the 1970s. It discusses the three common recycling options: mechanical recycling, chemical recycling, and energetic recycling. Additionally, it considers the challenges of waste cleaning and sorting. The article describes the mechanical and chemical recycling processes in detail for the main constituents of plastic waste, such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and polyethylene terephthalate (PET). The current recycling rates indicate that only mechanical recycling is economically viable, which is insufficient for a sustainable circular economy. Chemical recycling methods are often too energy-intensive and require complex presorting making them unattractive. To become economically competitive, requirements for chemical recycling methods have been derived in this article. In this context, the splitting of polymer chains using low-temperature atmospheric pressure plasma is proposed as a novel technology. To date, this technology has only been used for the surface treatment of plastic. However, it shows the potential for processing unsorted, low-value plastic waste, especially PE, PP, and mixed waste, which would otherwise be sent for incineration or to landfills. Mechanical recycling is often unsuitable for these waste streams, and competitive chemical recycling methods are not yet established on an industrial scale.

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Section: Chemical Recycling?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This shows that also nonthermal plasmas can also decompose polyolefins, despite the low efficiency of the process described. Unfortunately, they did not further analyze the resulting gases and only targeted H 2 production …”

Section: Plasma Recycling a Perspective Of Chemical Recycling?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Plastic Waste Recycling─A Chemical Recycling Perspective

Schade,

Melzer,

Zimmermann

et al. 2024

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Plasma can be regarded as an ionized gas that is rich in ions, electrons, free radical species, uncharged particles, quanta of electromagnetic radiation, and strong electric fields, making the plasma highly electrically conductive (Bai et al., 2020). In general, there are two types of plasma, thermal plasma, which is produced with temperatures ranging from 6000 to 20000 K (Tabu e, 2022), and NTP.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on plasma‐activated water and its application in the meat industry

Hadinoto,

Niemira,

Trujillo

2023

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

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Meat is a nutritious food with a short shelf life, making it challenging to ensure safety, quality, and nutritional value. Foodborne pathogens and oxidation are the main concerns that lead to health risks and economic losses. Conventional approaches like hot water, steam pasteurization, and chemical washes for meat decontamination improve safety but cause nutritional and quality issues. Plasma‐activated water (PAW) is a potential alternative to thermal treatment that can reduce oxidation and microbial growth, an essential factor in ensuring safety, quality, and nutritional value. This review explores the different types of PAW and their physiochemical properties. It also outlines the reaction pathways involved in the generation of short‐lived and long‐lived reactive nitrogen and oxygen species (RONS) in PAW, which contribute to its antimicrobial abilities. The review also highlights current studies on PAW inactivation against various planktonic bacteria, as well as critical processing parameters that can improve PAW inactivation efficacy. Promising applications of PAW for meat curing, thawing, and decontamination are discussed, with emphasis on the need to understand how RONS in PAW affect meat quality. Recent reports on combining PAW with ultrasound, mild heating, and non‐thermal plasma to improve inactivation efficacy are also presented. Finally, the need to develop energy‐efficient systems for the production and scalability of PAW is discussed for its use as a potential meat disinfectant without compromising meat quality.

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“…Tabu et al demonstrated the production of hydrogen-rich gas from LDPE in both a gliding arc and transferred arc configuration. [26] An AC DBD configuration by Yao et al proved promising for the low-temperature conversion of HDPE and PS to C 1 -C 3 with the addition of hydrogen, promoting the hydrogenolysis reaction. [25,27] Interestingly, they noted that the presence of a catalyst did not alter product selectivity, only improving product yield.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence of plasma‐driven decomposition of common plastics exposed to an atmospheric nonthermal discharge

Walker,

Gershman,

Doughty

et al. 2023

Plasma Processes & Polymers

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A nonthermal, pulsed spark discharge is applied to three polymer powders in Ar and Ar– gas mixtures. Hydrogen is introduced to assess plasma‐driven decomposition. Gaseous decomposition products, including methane, acetylene, and ethylene, are observed with Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR). Surface modifications are observed on the residual polymer via attenuated total internal reflection‐FTIR. Time‐averaged rotational, vibrational, and excitation temperatures are characterized in the discharge. The plasma density is found to be around , with rotational and vibrational temperatures ranging from 1500 to 2200 K and an excitation temperature of 1–2 eV. While spark properties did not change with either gas composition or polymer composition, it was determined that the addition of hydrogen promoted higher concentrations of gaseous phase products (promoting hydrogenolysis).

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Nonthermal atmospheric plasma reactors for hydrogen production from low-density polyethylene

Cited by 15 publications

References 40 publications

Plastic Waste Recycling─A Chemical Recycling Perspective

Plastic Waste Recycling─A Chemical Recycling Perspective

A review on plasma‐activated water and its application in the meat industry

Evidence of plasma‐driven decomposition of common plastics exposed to an atmospheric nonthermal discharge

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