Nonthermal model for thermal frontal polymerization of metal-containing monomers

Zakiev, S. E.; Джардималиева, Г. И.; Pomogailo, A. D.

doi:10.1134/s1560090417020105

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Considerable Russian efforts in the mid-1990s to early-2010s focused on the design of metal-containing acrylate monomers. [281][282][283][284][285][286][287][288][289][290][291] Early work from Pomogailo and coworkers 291 investigated FP of first-row transition metal complexes of the type [M II (Am)4(H2O)2(NO3)2] (M = Mn, Co, Ni, Zn) as potential platforms to generate inorganic-organic composite materials. Notably, these solid monomers underwent polymerization after melting and in the absence added radical initiators.…”

Section: Chart 4 Monomers For Frontal Free-radical Polymerizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Frontal Polymerizations: From Chemical Perspectives to Macroscopic Properties and Applications

Suslick

Hemmer

Groce

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The synthesis and processing of thermoplastics and thermoset polymeric materials rely on energy-inefficient and environmentally burdensome manufacturing methods. Frontal polymerization has emerged as an attractive, scalable alternative due to its exploitation of the heat of polymerization, which generally is wasted as unutilized heat-loss. The only external energy needed for frontal polymerization is an initial thermal (or photo) stimulus that locally ignites the reaction. The subsequent reaction exothermicity provides local heating; the transport of this thermal energy to neighboring monomers in either a liquid or gel-like state results in a self-perpetuating reaction zone that provides fully-cured polymeric thermosets and thermoplastics. Propagation of this polymerization front continues through the unreacted monomer media until either all reactants are consumed or sufficient heat-loss stalls further reaction. Several different polymerization mechanisms support frontal processes, including free-radical, cat- or anionic, amine-cure epoxides, and ring-opening metathesis polymerization. The choice of monomer, initiator/catalyst, and additives dictates how fast the polymer front traverses the reactant medium, as well as the maximum temperature achievable. Frontal polymerization enables the preparation of moldable thermoplastics derived from linear polymers. When crosslinking is involved, polymeric networks (e.g., rigid thermosets) are obtainable through a related process best described as a frontal curing reaction. Numerous applications of frontally-generated polymers and thermosets exist, ranging from the reinforcement of porous substrates to the design of patterned composite materials. In this review, we examine in detail the physical and chemical phenomena that govern frontal polymerization, as well as outline the existing applications.

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Section: Chart 4 Monomers For Frontal Free-radical Polymerizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subsequent reports focused on fabrication of composite materials, [282][283][284]288,290 as well as modeling front propagation through phase transitions. 281,285,287 a reported for liquid monomer converted into a crystalline polymer phase. Reference provided in square brackets.…”

Section: Chart 4 Monomers For Frontal Free-radical Polymerizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frontal Polymerizations: From Chemical Perspectives to Macroscopic Properties and Applications

Suslick

Hemmer

Groce

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…One of the simplest examples of the kinetic process was provided in [6]:leftMfalse→kM∗R∗Rn∗badbreak+Mfalse→kp∗Rnbadbreak+1∗Rn∗badbreak+Rm∗false→k0∗Pwhere M is monomer, Rn∗ – free radicals, P – generating polymer, kM∗, kp∗, ko∗ – kinetic constants.…”

Section: The Models Of Polymerization Of Metal-containing Monomersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The system (19) describes transformation in homogeneous environment in every spot of it from the moment the reaction began. System (23) describes the structure of the travelling wave of transformation which could be comprehended in two ways (see [6] for the details). First, as spatial propagation of reaction component mass fractions in non-homogeneous system at the moment t=t0 and second, as changing dynamics of those mass fractions in certain REV (in terms of local equilibrium thermodynamics) since its meeting with the travelling wave of reaction.…”

Section: The Models Of Polymerization Of Metal-containing Monomersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our opinion, such theory would offer new opportunities for studying complex multistage and multiphase processes of transformation, as the gnoseological potential of the diffusion and thermal approaches is considerably exhausted over the past eighty years. For example, the thermophysics of metal-containing monomers frontal polymerization is already studied, largely due to SHS-theory, and that cannot be told about its chemical kinetics [5], many of the nuances of which are not covered by a context of neither thermal, nor diffusion models [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Traveling-waves of metal-containing monomer polymerization without diffusion and heat-transfer

Zakiev

Шершнев

Yadav

et al. 2019

Heliyon

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The new approach for modeling kinetics of complex spatial self-propagating traveling-wave reactions is proposed. This approach is intended to replace well-known reaction–diffusion equations and self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) as methods for mathematical modeling of spatial propagation of chemical reactions. A chemical kinetic model for frontal polymerization of metal-containing monomers under this approach is suggested.

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New Example of Metal‐Containing Monomers for Frontal Polymerization

2019

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In the present work, new metal‐containing monomers based on copper(II) cinnamate (cinn), viz.: [Cu(cinn)2(bpy)(C2H5OH)], [Cu(cinn)2(phen)(H2O)2], and [Cu(cinn)2(tpy)(C2H5OH)2] (bpy = 2,2′‐bipyridine, phen=1,10‐phenanthroline and tpy=4′‐phenyl‐2,2′:6′,2′′‐terpyridine) were synthesized. At the first time, it was shown that these metal‐containing monomers undergo frontal polymerization.

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Nonthermal model for thermal frontal polymerization of metal-containing monomers

Cited by 7 publications

References 2 publications

Frontal Polymerizations: From Chemical Perspectives to Macroscopic Properties and Applications

Frontal Polymerizations: From Chemical Perspectives to Macroscopic Properties and Applications

Traveling-waves of metal-containing monomer polymerization without diffusion and heat-transfer

New Example of Metal‐Containing Monomers for Frontal Polymerization

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