Normal- and Reverse-Phase Paper Chromatography of Leaf Extracts of Dandelions

Toit, Maria H. Du; Eggen, Per-Odd; Kvittingen, Lise; Partali, Vassilia; Schmid, Rudolf

doi:10.1021/ed200851w

Cited by 11 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In several laboratory experiments, anthocyanins and carotenoids, the red and yellow pigments in plants, are studied using different methods. In many experiments, these compounds are used to demonstrate the basic principles of chromatography − or studied utilizing different chromatographic methods such as thin layer chromatography (TLC) , and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). , Spectroscopy has also been used for quantitative and qualitative purposes in several laboratory experiments on anthocyanins and carotenoids. − All of this can be done with samples familiar to the students from everyday life, such as berries, fruits, flower petals, and leaves. Working with anthocyanins and carotenoids makes the experiments colorful and visually attractive, and therefore more interesting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chemistry of Autumn Colors: Quantitative Spectrophotometric Analysis of Anthocyanins and Carotenoids and Qualitative Analysis of Anthocyanins by Ultra-performance Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry

2020

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The autumnal leaf color change is a familiar phenomenon to most students living in temperate climate zones. The extraction and analysis of the pigments of the autumn leaves provide an engaging way to study the phenomenon utilizing both simple as well as more sophisticated analytical methods. In this laboratory experiment, students extract the red and yellow pigments, that is, anthocyanins and carotenoids from leaves and separate them from each other by liquid–liquid extractions. From the separated phases, anthocyanin and carotenoid concentrations can be evaluated visually or spectrophotometrically. The anthocyanins are analyzed by a rapid and simple ultra-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method to discover which of the six most common groups of anthocyanins are present in the sample. The simplicity of the experiment setup allows it to be used as an introduction to mass spectrometry since the results can be easily interpreted without complicated data processing. The experiment provides opportunities for learning outside the classroom, as the samples can be collected from the nearby parks or forests and analyzed using more sophisticated methods on a student visit to a university or other research institution. The sample preparation followed by the visual analyses of the phases is however simple enough to be performed in a regular school laboratory.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemistry of Autumn Colors: Quantitative Spectrophotometric Analysis of Anthocyanins and Carotenoids and Qualitative Analysis of Anthocyanins by Ultra-performance Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry

2020

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“…Substantial progresses in chemical analysis have been achieved with on-paper separation methods through sophisticated derivatization of the paper substrates. [6–8] Combinations of the on-paper separation with other analytical techniques have also been wildly used, among which the mass spectrometry (MS) is a major method for the qualitative and quantitative analysis after the chemical separation [7, 9–11]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Biological Samples Using Paper Spray Mass Spectrometry: An Investigation of Impacts by the Substrates, Solvents and Elution Methods

Ren

Liu

et al. 2013

Chromatographia

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Paper spray has been developed as a fast sampling ionization method for direct analysis of raw biological and chemical samples using mass spectrometry (MS). Quantitation of therapeutic drugs in blood samples at high accuracy has also been achieved using paper spray MS without traditional sample preparation or chromatographic separation. The paper spray ionization is a process integrated with a fast extraction of the analyte from the raw sample by a solvent, the transport of the extracted analytes on the paper, and a spray ionization at the tip of the paper substrate with a high voltage applied. In this study, the influence on the analytical performance by the solvent-substrate systems and the selection of the elution methods was investigated. The protein hemoglobin could be observed from fresh blood samples on silanized paper or from dried blood spots on silica-coated paper. The on-paper separation of the chemicals during the paper spray was characterized through the analysis of a mixture of the methyl violet 2B and methylene blue. The mode of applying the spray solvent was found to have a significant impact on the separation. The results in this study led to a better understanding of the analyte elution, on-paper separation, as well as the ionization processes of the paper spray. This study also help to establish a guideline for optimizing the analytical performance of paper spray for direct analysis of target analytes using mass spectrometry.

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“…Previously, we have reported how normal and reversed-phase chromatography can be illustrated using paper chromatography of extracts of dandelion leaves (Taraxacum officinale), which are rich in pheophytin. 13 In normal-phase chromatography, the stationary phase is relatively hydrophilic, whereas the mobile phase is more hydrophobic. In reversedphase chromatography, the characteristics of both stationary and mobile phase are the opposite, resulting in a reversed elution order to that obtained when using normal-phase chromatography.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Normal and Reversed-Phase Thin Layer Chromatography of Green Leaf Extracts

2014

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Normal- and Reverse-Phase Paper Chromatography of Leaf Extracts of Dandelions

Abstract: This demonstration describes how normal and reverse phase chromatography can be illustrated using only chromatography paper for the separation of extracts of dandelions.

Cited by 11 publications

References 12 publications

Chemistry of Autumn Colors: Quantitative Spectrophotometric Analysis of Anthocyanins and Carotenoids and Qualitative Analysis of Anthocyanins by Ultra-performance Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Chemistry of Autumn Colors: Quantitative Spectrophotometric Analysis of Anthocyanins and Carotenoids and Qualitative Analysis of Anthocyanins by Ultra-performance Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Analysis of Biological Samples Using Paper Spray Mass Spectrometry: An Investigation of Impacts by the Substrates, Solvents and Elution Methods

Normal and Reversed-Phase Thin Layer Chromatography of Green Leaf Extracts

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