Normal reference values of left ventricular strain parameters in healthy adults: Real‐life experience from the single‐center three‐dimensional speckle‐tracking echocardiographic MAGYAR‐Healthy Study

Abstract

Introduction: A number of studies defined normal reference values of three-dimensional (3D) speckle-tracking echocardiography (3DSTE)-derived left ventricular (LV) strains. The present study aimed to quantify normal reference values of LV strains in healthy adult population in real clinical world settings in different age groups, and to determine ageand gender-dependence of these variables in a high volume single center. Methods: The present prospective study included 296 healthy adult subjects. Among them, 124 were excluded due to inferior image quality during the 6-year recruitment period (2011-2017). The remaining population was further divided into four subgroups based on age decades. Results: While global radial (RS) strain showed an increase-decrease-increase pattern with age, circumferential, longitudinal, and area strains (CS, LS, AS, respectively) were nonsignificantly lower in older ages. Only global LV-LS showed gender-dependency with higher values in females. Although moderately higher RS and 3DS and lower LS, and AS were observed in males, clear gender-dependency could not be detected in different age decades. Conclusions: This study provides normal reference values of 3DSTE-derived global, segmental, mean segmental, and regional LV strains in healthy adult subjects based on real-life clinical experience. Age-, gender-, and functional nonuniformity of LV strains were also defined.

The effects of lower body compression on left ventricular rotational mechanics in lymphoedema (from the MAGYAR‐Path Study)

“…In this study, 3DSTE‐derived LV rotational mechanics aimed to be assessed before and 1 h after the use of MCS. Strains and volumes of LV 17 or other heart chambers 18 , 19 were not aimed to be obtained in this study.…”

Left Ventricular Rotational Abnormalities in Treated Hypopituitarism: Insights From the Three-Dimensional Speckle-Tracking Echocardiographic MAGYAR-Path Study

“…Factors affecting the endocardium are associated with LV hyperrotation; if the epicardium is affected, LV hyporotation could be detected. Normal reference values of LV rotational parameters are available as well (5,8,(25)(26)(27)(28).…”

“…The other important difference between the study of Mihaila et al and ours is the method used. According to the guidelines, 2DSTE is not suggested to be used for LV rotational mechanics; 3DSTE seems to be an emerging method due to its nature of seeing and assessing the heart and LV as a 3D organ (5)(6)(7)(8).…”

“…3DSTE was performed with the same aforementioned Toshiba Artida TM imaging equipment (Toshiba Medical Systems, Tokyo, Japan) attached to a PST-25SX matrix-array transducer. During image acquisition, a full volume, pyramid-shaped dataset was obtained from the apical window during six constant RR intervals and breath holding (5,8). Offline image analysis was performed using the vendor-provided 3D Wall Motion Tracking software version 2.7 (Ultra Extend, Toshiba Medical Systems, Tokyo, Japan).…”

“…Recent advancements in echocardiographic imaging made the threedimensional (3D) volumetric and strain imaging of the heart possible; out of the novel tools, 3D speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE) is especially useful. 3DSTE provides a possibility for clinicians to assess LV volumes and strains, and for quantification of LV rotational mechanics at the same time using the same digitally acquired 3D datasets (5)(6)(7)(8)(9). The present study was designed to assess LV rotational mechanics in patients with treated hypopituitarism.…”