Normal Resting Electrocardiographic Variants in Young Athletes

Higgins, Julian P T

doi:10.3810/psm.2008.12.14

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The information, including the first author's name, publication year, study location, sample size, patients' characteristics, the number of cases, and controls, as well as outcome data, were extracted from each individual study. The Cochrane risk assessments tool was used to evaluate the quality of studies [9], including random sequence generation, allocation concealment, blinding of participants and personnel, blinding of outcome assessment, incomplete outcome data, selective reporting, and other biases.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Meta-Analysis Comparing Postoperative Complications and Outcomes of Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Cataract Surgery versus Conventional Phacoemulsification for Cataract

2017

Journal of Ophthalmology

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Objective. This meta-analysis aimed to compare the outcomes and postoperative complications between femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) and conventional phacoemulsification cataract surgery (CPCS). Methods. Bibliographic databases, including PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane library, were systematically searched for references on or before September 2015 regarding the outcomes and complications by FLACS or CPCS. Data on corneal endothelial cell loss, uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), refractive outcomes, and postoperative complications were retrieved. Results. A total of 9 trials were included in this analysis. Refractive outcomes (MD = −0.21, 95% CI: −0.39~0.03, P = 0.02) were significantly improved after FLACS. Although corneal endothelial cell loss was not significantly reduced after FLACS, there was a trend towards lower corneal endothelial cell loss (mean difference (MD) = 197.82, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.66~392.97, P = 0.05) after FLACS. There was no significant difference in UDVA (MD = −0.01, 95% CI: −0.13~0.10, P = 0.80) or CDVA (MD = −0.03, 95% CI: 0.07~0.00, P = 0.09) between the two surgeries. Elevated intraocular pressure and macular edema were most commonly developed complications after cataract surgery, and the incidence of these complications associated with the two surgeries was similar. Conclusion. Compared with CPCS, FLACS might achieve higher refractive stability and corneal endothelial cell count. Nevertheless, further study is needed to validate our findings.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Meta-Analysis Comparing Postoperative Complications and Outcomes of Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Cataract Surgery versus Conventional Phacoemulsification for Cataract

2017

Journal of Ophthalmology

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“…ER was historically considered to be a benign finding. ER was observed frequently in the anterolateral leads of ECG tracings from young black male athletes and adolescents and could be accentuated by vagal tone and hypothermia [ 12 , 13 , 14 ]. However, recent studies have revealed that ER can be an inherited finding.…”

Section: Electrocardiographic Features Associated With the Risk Of Ar...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Non-Invasive Parameters to Identify Subjects at High Risk of Sudden Cardiac Death

Corbo

Vitale

Pesolo

et al. 2022

JCM

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Cardiovascular diseases remain among the leading causes of death worldwide and sudden cardiac death (SCD) accounts for ~25% of these deaths. Despite its epidemiologic relevance, there are very few diagnostic strategies available useful to prevent SCD mainly focused on patients already affected by specific cardiovascular diseases. Unfortunately, most of these parameters exhibit poor positive predictive accuracy. Moreover, there is also a need to identify parameters to stratify the risk of SCD among otherwise healthy subjects. This review aims to provide an update on the most relevant non-invasive diagnostic features to identify patients at higher risk of developing malignant ventricular arrhythmias and SCD.

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“…The range of normality in a healthy (young) population is often larger than the reference ranges that are used for disease diagnostics [30]. Similarly, apparently 'abnormal' ECG configurations frequently occur in completely healthy young well-trained individuals [31].…”

Section: 23mentioning

confidence: 99%

Commentary on the EMA Guideline on strategies to identify and mitigate risks for first‐in‐human and early clinical trials with investigational medicinal products

Gerven¹,

Bonelli²

2018

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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The European Medicines Agency (EMA) published in July 2017 a guideline for first-in-human (FIH) drug studies [1]. The purpose of this document is to assist investigators, pharmaceutical companies, ethics committees and other regulators and stakeholders with the design and performance of early clinical studies of new compounds in humans. The focus of the guideline is on risk mitigation and promotion of safety. The guideline is a revision of an earlier version dated 2007 and extends the existing EU guidance to address FIH and early phase clinical trials (CTs) with integrated protocols [2].The first edition of the EMA guideline on FIH studies followed the devastating events that occurred during the FIH study of TGN1412 in March 2006. The first administered dose of this CD28 superagonistic antibody caused a cytokine release syndrome in all healthy volunteers. The causes of these unexpected severe effects were carefully analysed by different authorities and experts in the field [3][4][5]. This resulted in guidelines that put an increased emphasis on the relevance of animal models; a revision of strategies to determine the starting dose (including the concept of MABEL, the minimally active biological effect level in humans); and an adaptation of safety measures for FIH studies (e.g. 'sentinel' cohort and intensive care access). Further research of TGN1412 revealed interspecies differences between the biological function of CD28 and led to the development of a bioassay that was predictive for humans. As a result, in 2014, the compound could be reintroduced at much lower doses in human development [6].Ten years after its first publication the EMA guideline on FIH studies has now been revised. This revision followed a tragic event that happened in January 2016 during an FIH programme with BIA 10-2474, a fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) inhibitor that enhances endogenous endocannabinoid concentrations being developed by BIAL [7]. Although BIA 10-2474 had never been administered to humans, FAAH inhibitors had been examined in numerous clinical trials. Other compounds of the class had generally failed to show therapeutic effects in a number of indications, but no concerns had been raised for safety. The studywhich included several parts under the same 'umbrella' protocolhad an apparently uncomplicated single ascending dose (SAD) part, on which several lower multiple ascending doses (MAD) cohorts had followed before the events unrolled. It was therefore quite unexpected that severe neurological symptoms occurred in the third cohort on the fifth day of administration, which caused the death of one of the volunteers and neurological toxicity in four others. The root cause analysis of these tragic outcomes has not yet been completed, largely because of the ongoing legal proceedings that impose limitations on sharing the data and the results. The French authorities have issued a report, which outlines a number of factors that may have been involved [8]. Despite strong public appeal from both clinical researchers [9, 10] and regu...

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Normal Resting Electrocardiographic Variants in Young Athletes

Abstract: normal variants; early repolarization; athlete's heart.

Cited by 15 publications

References 52 publications

A Meta-Analysis Comparing Postoperative Complications and Outcomes of Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Cataract Surgery versus Conventional Phacoemulsification for Cataract

A Meta-Analysis Comparing Postoperative Complications and Outcomes of Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Cataract Surgery versus Conventional Phacoemulsification for Cataract

Recent Non-Invasive Parameters to Identify Subjects at High Risk of Sudden Cardiac Death

Commentary on the EMA Guideline on strategies to identify and mitigate risks for first‐in‐human and early clinical trials with investigational medicinal products

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