Normative Reference Values of Cardiac Output by Pulsed-Wave Doppler Echocardiography in Adults

Ruşinaru, Dan; Bohbot, Yohann; Djelaili, Fatima; Delpierre, Quentin; Altes, Alexandre; Serbout, Saousan; Kubala, Maciej; Maréchaux, Sylvestre; Tribouilloy, Christophe

doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2020.10.046

Cited by 30 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…25 Low flow is arbitrarily defined by a stroke volume index (SVi) ≤35 mL/m² -a threshold that is under current debate. 155,157,158 The use of sex -specific thresholds has been recently proposed. 159 Four broad categories can be defined: • High-gradient aortic stenosis [mean gradient ≥40 mmHg, peak velocity ≥4.0 m/s, valve area ≤1 cm 2 (or ≤0.6 cm²/m²)].…”

Section: Evaluation 511 Echocardiographymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Upper limit of normal flow using pulsed Doppler echocardiography: cardiac index 4.1 L/min/m² in men and women, SVi 54 mL/m² in men, 51 mL/m² in women). 155…”

Section: Evaluation 511 Echocardiographymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…AS: aortic stenosis; AV: aortic valve; AVA: aortic valve area; CT: computed tomography; ΔPm: mean pressure gradient; DSE: dobutamine stress echocardiography; LV: left ventricle/left ventricular; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; SVi: stroke volume index; V max : peak transvalvular velocity.a High flow may be reversible in patients with anaemia, hyperthyroidism or arterio-venous fistulae, and may also be present in patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy. Upper limit of normal flow using pulsed Doppler echocardiography: cardiac index 4.1 L/min/m² in men and women, SVi 54 mL/m² in men, 51 mL/m² in women) 155. b Consider also: typical symptoms (with no other explanation), LV hypertrophy (in the absence of coexistent hypertension) or reduced LV longitudinal function (with no other cause).…”

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confidence: 99%

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2021 ESC/EACTS Guidelines for the management of valvular heart disease

Vahanian¹,

Beyersdorf²,

Praz³

et al. 2022

EuroIntervention

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570

581

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The ESC Guidelines represent the views of the ESC and were produced after careful consideration of the scientific and medical knowledge and the evidence available at the time of their dating. The ESC is not responsible in the event of any contradiction, discrepancy and/or ambiguity between the ESC Guidelines and any other official recommendations or guidelines issued by the relevant public health authorities, in particular in relation to good use of health care or therapeutic strategies. Health professionals are encouraged to take the ESC Guidelines fully into account when exercising their clinical judgment as well as in the determination and the implementation of preventive, diagnostic or therapeutic medical strategies. However, the ESC Guidelines do not override in any way whatsoever the individual responsibility of health professionals to make appropriate and accurate decisions in consideration of each patient's health condition and in consultation with that patient and the patient's caregiver where appropriate and/or necessary. Nor do the ESC Guidelines exempt health professionals from taking careful and full consideration of the relevant official updated recommendations or guidelines issued by the competent public health authorities in order to manage each patient's case in light of the scientifically accepted data pursuant to their respective ethical and professional obligations. It is also the health professional's responsibility to verify the applicable rules and regulations relating to drugs and medical devices at the time of prescription.

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Section: Evaluation 511 Echocardiographymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Upper limit of normal flow using pulsed Doppler echocardiography: cardiac index 4.1 L/min/m² in men and women, SVi 54 mL/m² in men, 51 mL/m² in women). 155…”

Section: Evaluation 511 Echocardiographymentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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2021 ESC/EACTS Guidelines for the management of valvular heart disease

Vahanian¹,

Beyersdorf²,

Praz³

et al. 2022

EuroIntervention

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570

581

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“…Increased LV filling pressures were assessed according to a previously proposed algorithm [ 3 ]. Cardiac output was calculated using standard pulsed-wave Doppler method and the lower limit for cardiac index was considered being 1.9 L/min/m 2 for both genders [ 12 ]. The ratio RV end-diastolic area and RV long-axis was calculated and used as a RV sphericity index [ 13 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel echocardiographic right ventricular dysfunction score can identify hemodynamic severity profiles in left ventricular dysfunction

Bech-Hanssen,

Fredholm,

Astengo

et al. 2022

Cardiovasc Ultrasound

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Purpose Recognition of congestion and hypoperfusion in patients with chronic left ventricular dysfunction (LVD) has therapeutic and prognostic implications. In the present study we hypothesized that a multiparameter echocardiographic grading of right ventricular dysfunction (RVD) can facilitate the characterization of hemodynamic profiles. Methods Consecutive patients (n = 105, age 53 ± 14 years, males 77%, LV ejection fraction 28 ± 11%) referred for heart transplant or heart failure work-up, with catheterization and echocardiography within 48 h, were reviewed retrospectively. Three hemodynamic profiles were defined: compensated LVD (cLVD, normal pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP < 15 mmHg) and normal mixed venous saturation (SvO2 ≥ 60%)); decompensated LVD (dLVD, with increased PCWP) and LV failure (LVF, increased PCWP and reduced SvO2). We established a 5-point RVD score including pulmonary hypertension, reduced tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion, RV dilatation, ≥ moderate tricuspid regurgitation and increased right atrial pressure. Results The RVD score [median (IQR 25%;75%)] showed significant in-between the three groups differences with 1 (0;1), 1 (0.5;2) and 3.0 (2;3.5) in patients with cLVD, dLVD and LVF, respectively. The finding of RVD score ≥ 2 or ≥ 4 increased the likelihood of decompensation or LVF 5.2-fold and 6.7-fold, respectively. On the contrary, RVD score < 1 and < 2 reduced the likelihood 11.1-fold and 25-fold, respectively. The RVD score was more helpful than standard echocardiography regarding identification of hemodynamic profiles. Conclusions In this proof of concept study an echocardiographic RVD score identified different hemodynamic severity profiles in patients with chronic LVD and reduced ejection fraction. Further studies are needed to validate its general applicability. Graphical abstract

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“…Results of this non-invasive method have a strong correlation with measurements obtained by invasive methods such as pulmonary artery catheter thermodilution technique [ 9 ]. CI values below 1.9 L/min/m² define the low cardiac output [ 10 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of Cognitive Function and Interleukin 1 Beta Serum Concentrations Following Cardiac Pacemaker Implantation in Patients with Symptomatic Bradycardia

Martis

Gușetu

Cismaru

et al. 2021

JPM

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Background and aim: Bradyarrhythmias cause a low cerebral blood flow with secondary neuronal ischemia and cognitive dysfunction. This study aims to assess the effect of cardiac pacemaker implantation (PI) on the cognitive function and inflammatory markers (TNF alpha, IL1β). Material and method: We conducted a prospective observational study on a number of 31 patients with symptomatic bradyarrhythmias. We performed the cognitive function assessment by two tests (Mini-Mental State Examination and Trail Making Test A), cardiac output assessment (echocardiographic), and determination of IL 1β and TNF alpha serum concentrations before pacemaker implantation and after an average period of 42 days from pacemaker implantation.Results: After pacemaker implantation we observed an increase in the cardiac index by 0.71 L/min/m2 (p < 0.001) and a better scoring in cognitive performance; the mean MMSE score increased by two points (p < 0.001), and Trail Making Test A had an improvement of 16 s (p < 0.001). Regarding the inflammatory markers, a significant decrease in IL-1β with 8.6 pg/mL (p = 0.049) after pacemaker implantation was observed. Additionally, we found statistically significant correlations between IL1β and TNF alpha (positive correlation, p = 0.005), between the MMSE and cardiac index (p < 0.001), between the Trail Making Test and cardiac index (p = 0.001), and between the MMSE and Trail Making Test (p = 0.003). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that cardiac pacemaker implantation was associated with improved cognitive function—possibly related to an increased cardiac output and with adecreased serum IL1β concentration in subjects with symptomatic bradycardia.

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Normative Reference Values of Cardiac Output by Pulsed-Wave Doppler Echocardiography in Adults

Cited by 30 publications

References 23 publications

2021 ESC/EACTS Guidelines for the management of valvular heart disease

2021 ESC/EACTS Guidelines for the management of valvular heart disease

A novel echocardiographic right ventricular dysfunction score can identify hemodynamic severity profiles in left ventricular dysfunction

Improvement of Cognitive Function and Interleukin 1 Beta Serum Concentrations Following Cardiac Pacemaker Implantation in Patients with Symptomatic Bradycardia

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