Normative values for gastric motility assessed with the 3D‐transit electromagnetic tracking system

Abstract

Background:The Motilis 3D-Transit system allows ambulatory description of transit patterns throughout the gastrointestinal tract and offers an alternative method for studying gastric motility. We aimed to establish normative values for gastric motility assessed with the method. Method:A total of 132 healthy volunteers ingested the 3D-Transit capsule for assessment of gastrointestinal transit times. Recordings from 125 subjects were used for definition of normative values. Forty-six subjects were studied on two consecutive days. Recordings were reanalyzed using newly developed software providing information on gastric emptying (GE) as well as contraction frequency and movement during gastric contractions. Results:The median GE time was 2.7 hours (range 0.1-21.2). In 89% of subjects, the capsule passed the pylorus within a postingestion period of 6 hours. The median frequency of gastric contractions was 3.1 per minute (range 2.6-3.8). The frequency was higher in women (3.2, range 2.7-3.8) than in men (3.0, range 2.6-3.5) and increased with age (0.004 per year) (P < .05). The median amplitudes were 35° (range 4-85) when based on rotation of the capsule and 11 mm (range 6-31) when based on capsule change in position. The rotation amplitude was higher in women and decreased with increasing BMI (P < .05). The position amplitude was also higher in women and increased with the amount of calories in the test meal, but decreased with increasing BMI and age (P < .05). Day-to-day variation (P > .05) was considerable while interrater variability was small. Conclusion and Inferences:We have established normative values for gastric motility assessed with the 3D-Transit system. K E Y W O R D S gastric motility, gastroenterology, gastrointestinal motility, neurogastroenterology S U PP O RTI N G I N FO R M ATI O N Additional supporting information may be found online in the Supporting Information section. How to cite this article: Sutter N, Klinge MW, Mark EB, et al.Normative values for gastric motility assessed with the 3D-transit electromagnetic tracking system. Neurogastroenterol

Assessment of Gastrointestinal Autonomic Dysfunction: Present and Future Perspectives

“…The 3D-Transit system can track three capsules simultaneously without interference, and the measures of transit times are found to be valid, reproducible, and comparable to transit times measured with radio-opaque markers [110]. Normative data on healthy subjects are available and comparable to normative data on transit times from the wireless motility capsule [100,113,114]. The main drawbacks of using this pan-enteric, diagnostic tool is the time-consuming and challenging data analysis, no CE-marking, and no availability outside research settings [112].…”

Lipid-Based Nanocarrier System for the Effective Delivery of Nutraceuticals

“…Additionally, the distal part is responsible for the breaking of solid foods by grinding, propelling, and mixing the undigested food with gastric secretions for enzymatic breakdown. In a recent study, Sutter, et al [ 12 ] reported that the rate of gastric contraction ranges between 2.6 and 3.8 times per minute, and the median contraction frequency is higher in women (3.2 times per minute) and lower in men (3.0 times per minute). Further, gastric secretion consists of hydrochloric acids, electrolyte salts, mucus, enzymes such as gastric lipase (digest fats) and pepsin (to digest protein), and various hormones.…”

Magnetic tracking of gastrointestinal motility

“…In healthy volunteer studies, use of the 3D-Transit capsule has provided normative values for regionspecific gastric, small intestinal, and segmental colonic GI transit times [52,55]. In volunteer and patient studies, the system has provided detailed information on colonic motility not available by any other ambulatory method [53,[56][57][58].…”

“…In volunteer and patient studies, the system has provided detailed information on colonic motility not available by any other ambulatory method [53,[56][57][58]. In clinical studies, the 3D-Transit system has been used to investigate transit times and movement patterns in patient groups including those with severe ulcerative colitis, Parkinson's disease, idiopathic gastroparesis, diabetes mellitus, and carcinoid diarrhea [55,57,[59][60][61].…”