Novel Bismuth‐Based Nanomaterials Used for Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy

Abstract

Theranostic nanomaterials (NMs) have gained increasing attention for their simultaneous performance of diagnosis and therapy. Bi-based NMs hold great potential as theranostic platforms based on their X-ray sensitive capability, near-infrared driven semiconductor properties, and distinctive structures, which facilitate the computed tomography (CT) imaging, photoacoustic (PA) imaging, radiation therapy, and phototherapy. The sophisticated design in composition, structure, and surface fabrication of Bi-based NMs can endow these NMs with more modalities in cancer diagnosis and therapy. In this Minireview, we focus on the recent advances in Bi-based theranostic NMs. A series of unique structures and functions as well as the underlying property-activity relationship of Bi-based NMs are showcased to highlight their promising imaging and therapeutic performance. At the end, we propose some challenges for the design and preparation of Bi-based NMs to improve their cancer diagnostic and therapeutic performance.

A Review on the Recent Advancements on Therapeutic Effects of Ions in the Physiological Environments

“…Among the many different biological advantages of bismuth, the most effective and commonly studied is its use in the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders [43]. The earliest recorded use of bismuth is for the protection and healing of skin and ulcers [44].…”

Recent Advances and Implication of Bioengineered Nanomaterials in Cancer Theranostics

“…These properties of Bi have made it an important nanomaterial in different fields such as diagnosis and therapy of cancer. Some studies have shown that Bismuthbased nanomaterials such as its oxides, sulfides, and selenide are outstanding materials for radiotherapy enhancement performances and computed tomography contrast [85]. Coreshell heterojunctions can be used for building theranostic by combining these materials with other magnetic resonance enhancement nanomaterials (MnSe, MnS, and Fe 3 O 4 ).…”

Controlled supramolecular interaction to enhance the bioavailability of hesperetin to targeted cancer cells through graphyne: a comprehensive in silico study

“…This targeted chemotherapeutic agent uses apoptosis and narcosis to kill cancerous cells. 21–23 An emerging generation of nanocarrier is 2D nanomaterials, such as tungsten diselenide 24 (WSe 2 ), silicene, 25 germanene, 26 molybdenum disulfide 27 (MoS 2 ), bismuth selenide 28 (Bi 2 Se 3 ), manganese dioxide, 29 transition metal di-chalcogenides (TMDs), hexagonal boron nitride 30 (h-BN), and GRP are some important nanocarriers due to their specified and unique physicochemical properties. 31–34 GRP created a honeycomb 2D crystal lattice structure in which all carbon atoms are sp 2 hybridized, leading to incredible mechanical and electrical performance is commonly used in optoelectronic devices, in a solar cell as photoconductive material, in drug delivery, and medical imaging due to the presence of good surface reactivity and free π electrons.…”