Novel high capacity model for copper binary ion exchange on e-waste derived adsorbent resin

Abstract

Heavy metal water pollution is a global concern in recent years. Copper is a toxic metal at higher concentrations (> 20 μg /g) and needs to be removed using ion exchanger systems. This study investigates the removal efficiencies of copper by the non-metallic fraction (NMF) waste printed circuit boards (PCBs). The high maximum adsorption capacity of copper by the PCB-derived material after activation with KOH was 2.65 mmol/g, and the experimental isotherm was best correlated by the Temkin model. Finally, this study presents a novel dual site adsorption/ion exchange mechanism, wherein the potassium (from the activation) and calcium (present in the structure) served as ion exchange sites for the copper in the solution. Therefore, this recycling study, focusing on cyclic environmental management, converts a major waste material to an activated ion exchange resin (high capacity) for the removal of copper from wastewater solutions and successfully regenerates the resin for re-use while producing an acidic copper solution for recovery by electrolysius or chemical salt precipitation.

Glassy Powder Derived from Waste Printed Circuit Boards for Methylene Blue Adsorption

“…Known amounts (3, 6, 8, 10, 12 mg) of MW-treated WPCB samples were added to 5 mL of methylene blue (MB) or methyl orange (MO) solutions with a concentration of 10 −5 M prepared using mineral water (chemical analysis reported in Table S1), and they were left under stirring at 700 rpm for at least 24 h. In the case of MB, concentration 2 × 10 −5 M was also tested. After regular time intervals (1,5,10,15,20,30,60,120,180,240, and 1440 min), each sample was centrifuged at 9000 rpm for 4 min at 22 • C (Neya 16R centrifuge) to separate the solid from the liquid phase, which was analyzed through UV-vis spectroscopy (QE 65000 Ocean Optics Spectrometer, Orlando, FL, USA).…”

“…However, despite the continuous increase in the number of research activities devoted to recycling e-waste, there are only sporadic works focused on the recovery and reuse of glass fibers derived from WPCBs after the extraction of the most valuable components [ 25 ], especially in relation to their conversion into adsorbent materials. Furthermore, their field of application is limited to the removal of inorganic ions from water [ 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ].…”

Functional MOF-Based Materials for Environmental and Biomedical Applications: A Critical Review

“…Adsorption is widely favored due to its enhanced efficiency, feasibility, low energy consumption, versatility, and reusability [151]. Conventional adsorbents utilized for wastewater treatment include clays [152], zeolites [153], ion exchange resins [154], carbon nanotubes [155], silica [156], and activated carbon [157]. Nevertheless, such adsorbents have limitations such as decreased adsorption efficiency, limited reusability, as well as sludge production after treatment [158].…”

Multilayer Graphene Oxide Supported ZIF-8 for Efficient Removal of Copper Ions

“…However, MOF powders tend to accumulate, which greatly limits the exposure of adsorption sites and leads to a decrease in adsorption capacity. Inspired by this, the conjugation of MOFs with suitable substrates is considered as a feasible approach to meet the needs of the application [30][31][32]. Herein, we propose a facile strategy for the in situ growth of ZIF-8 between laminated graphene channels to form ZIF-8/graphene composites, whereby the MGO interlayer supports and disperses the attachment of ZIF-8 particles, and is well retained.…”