Novel Hydroxyapatite Whiskers Modified by Silver Ion and Nano Zinc Oxide Used for Bone Defect Repairment

Abstract

The hydroxyapatite (HA) is widely used as bone tissue repair material. The improvement of the antibacterial performance is an aroused general interest. In the present study, the silver ion and nano-zinc oxide modified hydroxyapatite whiskers (HAw) were successfully prepared. The microstructure and the composition of the modified HAw were analyzed by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD). SEM analysis showed that the length of the whiskers was 70–190 μm, and the aspect ratio was 10–60. With the increase of Ag+ content, the length and aspect ratio of the whiskers gradually decreased and incomplete spherical hydroxyapatite appeared. FEEM analysis showed that nano-zinc oxide particles on ZnO/3Ag-HAw surface are evenly distributed; the average particle size is less than 30 nm. XRD analysis showed that after sol-gel and calcination treatment, the nano-zinc oxide phase appeared in the diffraction pattern of ZnO/Ag-HAw. TEM analysis showed that the interplanar spacing of 5Ag-HAw increased slightly. The CCK-8 and cells co-culture assays were used to assess the proliferation and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells, respectively. The antibacterial abilities of the modified HAw against E. coli (ATCC25922) and S. aureus (ATCC6538) were investigated. The cell cytotoxicity test showed that the cytotoxicity level was 0, and there was no cytotoxicity. Cell adhesion experiments showed that ZnO/3Ag-HAw has good cell compatibility and biological activity. The modified hawthorn has a bacteriostatic rate of more than 90% and has good bacteriostatic activity.

Zinc Oxide-Based Nanomaterials for Microbiostatic Activities: A Review

“…The antibacterial properties of the NPs were enhanced through the the addition of several chemical groups. Some of the most commonly used modifications include coating ZnO NPs with metals/oxides [23,[140][141][142][143], organic compounds, and polymers [137,[144][145][146][147][148] (Table 5). Some advantages of polymeric NP composites for antimicrobial activity [149][150][151][152] are as follows.…”

One-Pot Hydrothermal Preparation of Hydroxyapatite/Zinc Oxide Nanorod Nanocomposites and Their Cytotoxicity Evaluation against MG-63 Osteoblast-like Cells

“…Numerous studies on HAp-ZnO composite-based implant materials demonstrated better compatibility and antimicrobial activity, both in vivo and in vitro [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ]. Moreover, in the literature, this composite has been successfully demonstrated as a dental implant coating material with anti-biofilm activity [ 18 ], mineralization of osteoblasts [ 19 ], antimicrobial activity [ 20 ], bone tissue engineering [ 21 ], bone implantation [ 22 ], improved antibacterial activity and biocompatibility [ 23 ], bone recovery [ 24 ], sealing ability in endodontically treated teeth [ 25 ] and bone defect repair [ 26 ].…”