Novel Intumescent Flame Retardant Masterbatch Prepared through Different Processes and Its Application in EPDM/PP Thermoplastic Elastomer: Thermal Stability, Flame Retardancy, and Mechanical Properties

Abstract

In this work, the ethylene-propylene-diene monomer/polypropylene (EPDM/PP) thermoplastic elastomer filled with intumescent flame retardants (IFR) is fabricated by melting blend. The IFR are constituted with melamine phosphate-pentaerythritol (MP/PER) by compounding and reactive extruding, respectively. The effects of two kinds of MP/PER with different contents on the thermal stability, flame retardancy, and mechanical properties of materials are investigated by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL-94, cone calorimeter test (CCT), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). FTIR results show that the reactive extruded MP/PER partly generates melamine pyrophosphate (MPP) compared with compound masterbatches. TGA data indicate that the best thermal stability is achieved when the molar ratio of MP/PER reaches 1.8. All the reactive samples show a higher flame retardancy than compound ones. The CCT results also exhibit the same trend as above in heat release and smoke production rate. The EPDM/PP composites filled with 30 and 35% reactive MP/PER exhibit the improved flame retardancy but become stiffer and more brittle. SEM photos display that better dispersion and smaller particle size are obtained for reactive samples.

Recent Trends of Foaming in Polymer Processing: A Review

“…Rubbers, as the raw materials for polymer foams, include natural rubber, silicone rubber, ethylene-propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber, and styrene butadiene rubber [90,91,92,93,94,95,96].…”

Interaction Mechanism between the C4F7N–CO2 Gas Mixture and the EPDM Seal Ring

“…In addition, the high-resolution spectra of F 1s includes two characteristic peaks located at 684.5 and 688.3 eV. The binding energy of F 1s close to 684.5 eV belongs to the F that is ironically fixed to the C atom. , This characteristic peak is not found for the untreated EPDM (quite low peak intensity). Moreover, the peak area of the C–F component increased obviously with temperature, indicating that the accumulation of fluorine occurs severely because of the reaction between EPDM and C 4 F 7 N–CO 2 .…”

High‐efficiencyammonium polyphosphate intumescent encapsulated polypropylene flame retardant

“…As a common flame retardant for high nitrogen and phosphorus elements, 11 ammonium polyphosphate (APP) is added with additives, 12–14 or used to form intumescent flame retardant to improve flame retardancy 15–26 . Microencapsulation is also wildly used to protect APP from degradation into small molecules in the processing of polymers at high temperature 27–35 .…”