Novel mesoporous composites based on natural rubber and hexagonal mesoporous silica: Synthesis and characterization

Nuntang, Sakdinun; Poompradub, Sirilux; Butnark, Suchada; Yokoi, Toshiyuki; Tatsumi, Takashi; Ngamcharussrivichai, Chawalit

doi:10.1016/j.matchemphys.2013.11.022

Cited by 21 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…In addition, the representative Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image of this MCS sample (Fig. 5e) showed conventional uniform wormhole-like mesopores, as observed for HMS materials [16][17][18] .…”

Section: Structural and Textural Properties Of Mcs Materialsmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…The presence of rubber in the NR/HMS precursor was confirmed by FT-IR bands related to C-H stretching (2,800-3,000 cm −1 ) and C-H deformation vibrations (1,370 cm −1 and 1,430 cm −1 ) 16 , the 13 C-NMR spectrum showed chemical shifts at 23,27,33,127, and 136 ppm, which were attributed to -CH 3 , -CH 2 -, -CH 2 -, =CH-, and > C=, respectively [39][40][41] , of poly(cis-1,4-isoprene) in the NR structure. Compared to pure silica HMS, the presence of rubber in NR/HMS decreased the free silanol band (3,750 cm −1 ) because some remnant ethoxy groups remained in the silicate framework 16,17 . The carbonization at 350-450 °C restored silanol groups, while the characteristic bands of NR gradually decreased with an increase in temperature.…”

Section: Effect Of Carbonization Temperatures On Mcs Formationmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Synthesis of pure silica HMS. Pure silica HMS was synthesized via the sol-gel process using TEOS as the silica source and DDA as amine template in the presence of THF, as has been previously reported 16 www.nature.com/scientificreports/ Synthesis of NR/HMS and MCS nanocomposites. NR/HMS nanocomposites were prepared via an in situ sol-gel method using THF as the synthesis media.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The NR/HMS showed the major weight loss of ~ 17 wt% at 150-420 °C owing to the decomposition of NR incorporated into the mesostructured silicate framework. The small weight loss (~ 7 wt%) in the range of 420-650 °C was related to the rubber-derived carbon residue 16 and dehydroxylation of silicate network 36 . Some rubber fractions still remained in the resulting nanocomposites obtained at 350 °C.…”

Section: Effect Of Carbonization Temperatures On Mcs Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Natural rubber as a renewable carbon source for mesoporous carbon/silica nanocomposites

Yousatit

Pitayachinchot

Wijitrat

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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This study is the first report on the preparation of mesoporous carbon/silica (MCS) nanocomposites with tunable mesoporosity and hydrophobicity using natural rubber (NR) as a renewable and cheap carbon source. A series of mesoporous nanocomposites based on NR and hexagonal mesoporous silica (HMS) were prepared via an in situ sol-gel process and used as precursors; then, they were converted into MCS materials by controlled carbonization. The NR/HMS precursors exhibited a high dispersion of rubber phase incorporated into the mesostructured silica framework as confirmed by small-angle X-ray scattering and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. An increase in the carbonization temperature up to 700 °C resulted in MCS nanocomposites with a well-ordered mesostructure and uniform framework-confined wormhole-like channels. The NR/HMS nanocomposites possessed high specific surface area (500-675 m 2 g −1) and large pore volume (1.14-1.44 cm 3 g −1). The carbon content of MCS (3.0-16.1 wt%) was increased with an increase in the H 2 So 4 concentration. Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed the high dispersion of graphene oxidelike carbonaceous moieties in MCS materials; the type and amount of oxygen-containing groups in obtained MCS materials were determined by H 2 So 4 concentration. The enhanced hydrophobicity of MCS nanocomposites was related to the carbon content and the depletion of surface silanol groups, as confirmed by the water sorption measurement. The study on the controlled release of diclofenac in simulated gastrointestinal environment suggests a potential application of MCS materials as drug carriers. Mesoporous carbon/silica nanocomposites (MCS) have received considerable attention in catalysis 1 , adsorption 2 , energy storage 3,4 , and drug delivery 5 owing to the combined advantages of inorganic silica and organic carbon in their mesostructure. Silica framework provides high mesoporosity, specific surface area, and thermal/mechanical stability. Due to the high density of silanol groups, the silica surface can be simply modified by either direct co-condensation or postsynthesis grafting to acquire various chemically active functionalities to serve a wide range of applications 6,7. However, amorphous carbon is characterized by its tunable physicochemical properties by controlling the ratio of sp 2 /sp 3 bonds and quantity of heteroatoms (i.e., oxygen) 8,9. The oxygen-containing functional groups on the carbon surface provide acidic (i.e., carboxyl, lactone, and phenol) and basic (i.e., pyrone, chromene, ether, and carbonyl) properties 10. An increase in the amount of sp 2-hybridized carbon transforms amorphous carbon into graphite-like carbon with enhanced textural properties and chemical reactivity 11,12. Typically, the preparation of MCS materials consists of two steps. The first step is to introduce an organic substance (e.g., glucose, furfuryl alcohol, phenol, and formaldehyde) as a carbon source into mesostructured silica. Then, the organic substance is converted to ...

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Section: Structural and Textural Properties Of Mcs Materialsmentioning

confidence: 58%

Section: Effect Of Carbonization Temperatures On Mcs Formationmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effect Of Carbonization Temperatures On Mcs Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Natural rubber as a renewable carbon source for mesoporous carbon/silica nanocomposites

Yousatit

Pitayachinchot

Wijitrat

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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“…Multicomponent inorganic-organic composites play an important role in this field due to their particular thermal, mechanical and chemical properties [1][2][3][4][5]. It is well recognized that polymer-silica composites exhibit unusual and, very often, unique properties which cannot be observed for polymer and inorganic phase separately [6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer–silica composites and silicas produced by high-temperature degradation of organic component

et al. 2015

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Mechanical, thermo‐mechanical, thermal, and swelling properties of EPDM‐organically modified mesoporous silica nanocomposites

Acharya

Srivastava

2015

Polymer Composites

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Ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer nanocomposites has been developed using organically modified mesoporous silica nanoparticles by solution blending method. Hydrophilic mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MCM-41) of 100 nm in sizes were synthesized via a template-directed method, functionalized with trimethylchlorosilane (TMS) to produce hydrophobic silica (OS). The X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis suggest that OS are homogeneously dispersed in the EPDM matrix and can maintain its pore structure effectively in the nanocomposites. The EPDM/OS nanocomposite exhibits a significant improvement in mechanical and thermal properties with respect to neat EPDM. A significant increase in tensile strength (TS) approximately 200% was observed at very low wt % of organosilica content in the nanocomposite. Dynamic mechanical analysis also exhibits the improvement in storage modulus for nanocomposites. Thermogravimetric analysis shows a thermal stability enhancement by approximately 258C of EPDM nanocomposites containing 3 wt% OS when 25% weight loss was selected as point of comparison. The solvent uptakes in nanocomposites were comparable with the porous sites and free volume in EPDM matrix on OS incorporation. POLYM. COMPOS., 00:000-000, 2015.

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Novel mesoporous composites based on natural rubber and hexagonal mesoporous silica: Synthesis and characterization

Cited by 21 publications

References 47 publications

Natural rubber as a renewable carbon source for mesoporous carbon/silica nanocomposites

Natural rubber as a renewable carbon source for mesoporous carbon/silica nanocomposites

Polymer–silica composites and silicas produced by high-temperature degradation of organic component

Mechanical, thermo‐mechanical, thermal, and swelling properties of EPDM‐organically modified mesoporous silica nanocomposites

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