Novel modified probiotic gold nanoparticles loaded with ginsenoside CK exerts an anti-inflammation effect via NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathways

Kim, Seunghyun; Wang, Rongbo; Dhandapani, Sanjeevram; Kang, Kyungsu; Cho, Ik-Hyun; Kim, Yeon-Ju

doi:10.1016/j.arabjc.2024.105650

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…In another investigation, the efficacy of medication loading was assessed when CK was loaded onto gold (G) NPs made with probiotic microbes ( Lactobacillus kimchicus DCY51T ) [ 6 ]. A recent study showed that probiotic ( Bifidobacterium animalis )-mediated gold NPS of CK increases the capability of drug deliveries, biocompatibility, and oral bioavailability [ 44 ].…”

Section: Pharmacokinetics Safety and Toxicological Studies Of Ck And ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioconversion, Pharmacokinetics, and Therapeutic Mechanisms of Ginsenoside Compound K and Its Analogues for Treating Metabolic Diseases

Morshed,

Akter,

Karim

et al. 2024

CIMB

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Rare ginsenoside compound K (CK) is an intestinal microbial metabolite with a low natural abundance that is primarily produced by physicochemical processing, side chain modification, or metabolic transformation in the gut. Moreover, CK exhibits potent biological activity compared to primary ginsenosides, which has raised concerns in the field of ginseng research and development, as well as ginsenoside-related dietary supplements and natural products. Ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, and Rc are generally used as a substrate to generate CK via several bioconversion processes. Current research shows that CK has a wide range of pharmacological actions, including boosting osteogenesis, lipid and glucose metabolism, lipid oxidation, insulin resistance, and anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptosis properties. Further research on the bioavailability and toxicology of CK can advance its medicinal application. The purpose of this review is to lay the groundwork for future clinical studies and the development of CK as a therapy for metabolic disorders. Furthermore, the toxicology and pharmacology of CK are investigated as well in this review. The findings indicate that CK primarily modulates signaling pathways associated with AMPK, SIRT1, PPARs, WNTs, and NF-kB. It also demonstrates a positive therapeutic effect of CK on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), obesity, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and its complications, as well as osteoporosis. Additionally, the analogues of CK showed more bioavailability, less toxicity, and more efficacy against disease states. Enhancing bioavailability and regulating hazardous variables are crucial for its use in clinical trials.

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Section: Pharmacokinetics Safety and Toxicological Studies Of Ck And ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioconversion, Pharmacokinetics, and Therapeutic Mechanisms of Ginsenoside Compound K and Its Analogues for Treating Metabolic Diseases

Morshed,

Akter,

Karim

et al. 2024

CIMB

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“…Gold nanoparticles (GNP) exhibit distinctive optical and physicochemical properties, garnering significant research attention for diverse therapeutic and medical diagnostic applications. , These GNP have proven successful in enhancing the efficacy and specificity of diagnosis and therapy, minimizing side effects in the process . Their potential for improving the effectiveness of various targeted cancer therapies is well-documented .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coprisin/Compound K Conjugated Gold Nanoparticles Induced Cell Death through Apoptosis and Ferroptosis Pathway in Adenocarcinoma Gastric Cells

Dhandapani,

Samad,

Liu

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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Ferroptosis and apoptosis are programmed cell death pathways with distinct characteristics. Sometimes, cancer cells are aided by the induction of a different pathway, such as ferroptosis, when they develop chemoresistance and avoid apoptosis. Identifying the nanomedicine that targets dual pathways is considered as one of the best strategies for diverse cancer types. In our previous work, we synthesized gold nanoparticles (GNP) utilizing Gluconacetobacter liquefaciens in conjunction with compound K (CK) and coprisin (CopA3), yielding GNP-CK-CopA3. Here, we assessed the inhibitory effect of GNP-CK-CopA3 on AGS cells and the induction of apoptosis using Hoechst and PI, Annexin V-FITC/PI, and qRT-PCR. Subsequently, we conducted downstream proteomic analysis and molecular dynamic stimulation to identify the underlying molecular mechanisms. Our investigation of cultured AGS cells treated with varying concentrations of GNP-CK-CopA3 demonstrated the anticancer properties of these nanoparticles. Penetration of GNP-CK-CopA3 into AGS cells was visualized using an enhanced dark field microscope. Apoptosis induction was initially confirmed by treating AGS cells with GNP-CK-CopA3, as evidenced by staining with dyes such as Hoechst and PI. Additionally, mitochondrial disruption and cellular localization induced by GNP-CK-CopA3 were validated through Mito-tracker staining and transmission electron microscopy images. Annexin V-FITC/PI staining was used to distinguish early and late-stage apoptosis or necrosis based on fluorescence patterns. The gene expression of apoptotic markers indicated the initiation of cellular apoptosis. Further, proteomic analysis suggested that the treatment of GNP-CK-CopA3 to AGS cells led to the suppression of 439 proteins and the stimulation of 832 proteins. Among these, ferroptosis emerged as a significant interconnected pathway where glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and glutathione synthetase (GSS) were significant interacting proteins. Molecular docking and dynamic simulation studies confirmed the binding affinity and stability between CopA3 and CK with GSS and GPX4 proteins, suggesting the role of GNP-CK-CopA3 in ferroptosis induction. Overall, our study showed GNP-CK-CopA3 could play a dual role by inducing apoptosis and ferroptosis to induce AGS cell death.

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Pd octahedra nanocubes mediated photo-fenton catalytic performance for sustainable degradation of methylene blue

Li,

Luo,

Guo

et al. 2024

Arabian Journal of Chemistry

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Novel modified probiotic gold nanoparticles loaded with ginsenoside CK exerts an anti-inflammation effect via NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathways

Cited by 6 publications

References 58 publications

Bioconversion, Pharmacokinetics, and Therapeutic Mechanisms of Ginsenoside Compound K and Its Analogues for Treating Metabolic Diseases

Bioconversion, Pharmacokinetics, and Therapeutic Mechanisms of Ginsenoside Compound K and Its Analogues for Treating Metabolic Diseases

Coprisin/Compound K Conjugated Gold Nanoparticles Induced Cell Death through Apoptosis and Ferroptosis Pathway in Adenocarcinoma Gastric Cells

Pd octahedra nanocubes mediated photo-fenton catalytic performance for sustainable degradation of methylene blue

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