Novel multifunctional dexamethasone carbon dots synthesized using the one-pot green method for anti-inflammatory, osteogenesis, and osteoimmunomodulatory in bone regeneration

Abstract

Bone tissue regeneration is still a major orthopedic challenge. The process of bone regeneration is often disrupted by inflammation. Elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can lead to aggravated...

Recent advances in carbon dots: synthesis and applications in bone tissue engineering

“…Both in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that the CDs retained the pharmacological activity of dexamethasone and had great potential for application in promoting bone regeneration. 27 Similarly, adenosine, a metabolite of ATP, could directly convert hPSCs into functional osteoblasts through the involvement of the adenosine tri-phosphate (ATP) A2b receptor (A2bR). Aspirin, a well-known nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medicine (NSAID), has been known for decades to have immunomodulatory effects on MSCs and to prevent bone loss.…”

“…Moreover, the DCDs had good osteoimmunomodulatory activity and could induce a bone immune microenvironment and accelerate bone regeneration. 27 As one of the essential trace elements, zinc plays an important role in human bone metabolism. It has been documented that zinc has a stimulatory effect on osteoblast proliferation through various cell divisions, promoting related enzymes and hormones that are synthesis-dependent on zinc.…”

“…The study demonstrated that the prepared DCDs had promising applications in the field of bone regeneration and provided a new idea for the development of novel carbon nanomaterials for repairing bone tissue defects. 27…”

Carbon dots with tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications

“…79 This is possibly because of their large number of surface functional groups (such as hydroxyl, carboxyl and amino) that have the potential to be readily conjugated with other components to enhance tissue regeneration. 55 The incorporation of CDs into scaffolds can be served as a cell culture substrate, directing cell expansion along the scaffold's nanobers and increasing cellular activity. 28,80 This suggests that the huge number of functional groups on the surface of CDs serve an important role in supporting cellular activities.…”

A photocrosslinked methacrylated carboxymethyl chitosan/oxidized locust bean gum double network hydrogel for cartilage repair

“…The effect of hydrogels on cell motility was observed through cell scratch and Transwell experiments. 43 In the scratching experiment, BMSCs were seeded in a 6-well plate and scratched in the culture plate with a pipette tip after 24 h and then cultured with different hydrogels until the specified times (0 h, 12 h, and 24 h). The cell movement was observed under a microscope.…”