Novel Observations and Potential Applications Using Digital Infrared Iris Imaging

Roberts, Daniel K.; Lukić, Ana; Yang, Yongyi; Moroi, Sayoko E.; Wernick, Miles N.

doi:10.3928/15428877-20090301-18

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Zonular and lenticular pigmentation on posterior lens surface are also common findings in PDS patients after mydriasis. [ 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term Efficacy of Trabeculectomy on Chinese Patients with Pigmentary Glaucoma

Qing

Wang

et al. 2016

Chinese Medical Journal

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Background:Though trabeculectomy is often performed on patients with medically refractive pigmentary glaucoma (PG), the clinical outcomes of surgical treatment on PG remain unknown. The aim of this study was to summarize the long-term efficacy and safety of trabeculectomy on PG.Methods:This was a prospective case series observational study. Eighteen consecutive PG patients were followed up for 8 years after trabeculectomy from May 2006 to April 2007. Visual acuity (VA), best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), slit lamp biomicroscopy, intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement, Humphrey visual field analysis (VFA), and stereoscopic funduscopy were performed on admission and every 6 months after the surgery. Postoperative IOP, VA, BCVA, VFA, adjunctive anti-glaucoma medication, treatment-related side-effects, changes in blebs, and main clinical findings in the anterior segment of PG were recorded and compared with the baseline.Results:Eighteen PG eyes from 18 patients, with average preoperative IOP of 34.5 ± 4.7 mmHg (range: 21–47 mmHg, 1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) were enrolled in this study. All enrolled patients completed the follow-up visits and required examinations. Eight years after trabeculectomy, all surgical eyes (18/18) had satisfactory IOP control with an average of 13.7 ± 2.5 mmHg (range: 9–19 mmHg), which was significantly lower than baseline (P = 0.001). Majority (15/18) of the PG eyes had stable VA, BCVA, VFA, and optic disc cupping parameters. Functional blebs still existed in 12/18 of the PG eyes at the last follow-up visit. Unanimously, pigmentation in the anterior segment attenuated with time after surgical treatment. No severe side-effects were recorded in any of the surgical eyes.Conclusions:All surgical PG eyes in this study had satisfactory IOP control 8 years after the surgery with well-preserved visual function. The long-term efficacy and safety of trabeculectomy are promising in PG patients.

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“…Zonular and lenticular pigmentation on posterior lens surface are also common findings in PDS patients after mydriasis. [ 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term Efficacy of Trabeculectomy on Chinese Patients with Pigmentary Glaucoma

Qing

Wang

et al. 2016

Chinese Medical Journal

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“…In addition, LAZ eyes have peripupillary iris transillumination defects (ITDs), whereas primary PDS eyes have midperipheral ITDs. 11,29,42 Therefore, we further note that none of the subjects with primary PDS had LAZ, and none of the LAZ subjects had signs suggestive of primary PDS besides the LAZ-induced pigment dispersal signs. LAZ-associated PDS and primary PDS appear to be similar only due to their iris pigment liberation, which occurs for different reasons.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Krukenberg’s Spindles Strongly Suggest Long Anterior Zonule Associated Pigment Dispersion Mechanism in Older Patients

Newman

Roberts

Morettin

et al. 2020

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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The purpose of this study was to further investigate factors associated with Krukenberg's spindle (KS) presence in a primary eye care setting. METHODS. As part of a larger investigation, several practitioners in an academic eye care facility in Chicago, IL, USA evaluated patients for the long anterior zonule (LAZ) trait during 2011 to 2018, and data were collected on ocular/systemic health, lifestyle, and demographic variables, including the presence of a KS. Multivariate regression was used to assess relationships to KS presence. RESULTS. Analysis included 3501 subjects with mean age of 51 ± 15 years (18-98 years; 65% women; and 84% African American). Among the right eyes, 57 (1.6%) had a KS, with this group having a mean age of 62 ± 13 years (25-86 years; 75% women; and 82% African American). There were 120 subjects (3.4%) with right eye LAZ, with mean age of 64 ± 11 years (36-91 years; 77% women; and 92% African American). There were 19 of 57 (33.3%) KS eyes that also had LAZ. Controlling for other factors, variables with the strongest relationship to KS presence were the LAZ trait (odds ratio [OR] = 12.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 6.5 to 22.8, P < 0.0001) and advancing age (OR = 1.3 per decade, 95% CI = 1.3 to 1.9, P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS. In the population studied, KS presence had its strongest relationship to the LAZ trait and advancing age. The KS-LAZ relationship may not be well-known, but these data strongly suggest that pigment dispersion signs, such as a KS, should prompt the clinician to consider the LAZ trait as a potential etiology, especially because LAZ is associated with higher IOP and possibly glaucoma.

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“…In ophthalmology transillumination is used in the diagnosis and management of several conditions. Most notably in the localization of intraocular tumors [7], ciliary body cysts [8] and the diagnosis of pigment dispersion syndrome (PDS) [9], pigmentary glaucoma and Adie's tonic pupil [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Near-infrared transillumination imaging combined with aperture photometry for the quantification of melanin in the iris pigment epithelium

Czepita

2020

PLoS ONE

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Near-infrared transillumination is used in the diagnosis and the management of different eye diseases. In particular, it enables the visualization of melanin in the pigment epithelium of the iris. This technique is valuable in such conditions as pigment dispersion syndrome and Adie's tonic pupil. Thus, objective quantification of the amount of melanin shedded from the iris pigment epithelium may help in the management of these conditions. By combining aperture photometry with near-infrared iris transillumination this can be achieved. A total of 4 patients (7 eyes) were examined. Three patients were diagnosed with pigment dispersion syndrome in both eyes. One patient had Adie's tonic pupil in one eye. Near-infrared iris transillumination was performed by using a prototype apparatus. Aperture photometry measurements were carried out through specially developed software. The signal-to-noise ratio of the prototype apparatus was 52 dB (399:1). Each pixel within the near-infrared transillumination image corresponded with an area size of the iris of 85 μm x 83 μm. Measurements were taken from several points of the iris in all patients. The average aperture photometry value of transillumination defects was 1321.53 (ADU) ± 501.08 SD, while the average aperture photometry value of the papillary ruff was 90.83 (ADU) ± 53.4. On average transillumination defects transmit 14.55 times more near-infrared light than the papillary ruff. A prototype apparatus for the capture of near-infrared iris transillumination images and custom software enabling aperture photometry measurements of the obtained images has been developed for the purpose of this study. This study demonstrates a potential application of this technique in the diagnosis and management of patients with such conditions as pigment dispersion syndrome and Adie's tonic pupil.

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Novel Observations and Potential Applications Using Digital Infrared Iris Imaging

Cited by 7 publications

References 40 publications

Long-term Efficacy of Trabeculectomy on Chinese Patients with Pigmentary Glaucoma

Long-term Efficacy of Trabeculectomy on Chinese Patients with Pigmentary Glaucoma

Krukenberg’s Spindles Strongly Suggest Long Anterior Zonule Associated Pigment Dispersion Mechanism in Older Patients

Near-infrared transillumination imaging combined with aperture photometry for the quantification of melanin in the iris pigment epithelium

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