Novel Planar Electromagnetic Absorber Designs Using Genetic Algorithms

On the Optimal Design of Multilayer Microwave Absorbers

“…This can be expressed as minimizing the overall reflection coefficient of the multilayer absorber ∼ R0,1 (within a specific range of frequencies and incidence angles) [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Moreover, a condition on the total thickness of the absorber can be set while searching for the optimum solution [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Here, the differential evolution (DE) with competitive control-parameter setting technique (debr18.…”

“…The problem of designing these absorbers lies mainly in the minimization of the overall reflection coefficient in a specific frequency band and a specific range of angles of incidence for any polarization (TE and TM). In the last two decades, many papers appeared in which the design of such absorbers has been accomplished using evolutionary techniques [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Specifically, genetic algorithm (GA) has been used to design optimal microwave absorbers [1][2][3][4][5].…”

“…In the last two decades, many papers appeared in which the design of such absorbers has been accomplished using evolutionary techniques [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Specifically, genetic algorithm (GA) has been used to design optimal microwave absorbers [1][2][3][4][5]. Moreover, a modified particle swarm optimization (PSO) has been used successfully in the design of thin wideband microwave absorbers [6].…”

Particle Swarm Optimization for Optimal Design of Broadband Multilayer Microwave Absorber for Wide Angle of Incidence

“…Of these, the multi-layer absorber, composed of planar layers of different lossy materials is the more common type [7] and will be taken up in the present research. A third-type of planar absorber was proposed [8], created by texturing on or within the coating of the material, formally called the textured absorber. Ideally, a thin, wide-band microwave absorber with a wide angle of incidence is the optimal design.…”

“…Older optimization algorithms, like the simplex method or the simulated annealing method, is known to have a large convergence time, and a tendency to get trapped in local optimization, often resulting in sub-optimal designs [14]. A host of newer, more sophisticated algorithms have been developed, and used in the synthesis of the multi-layer wideband absorber, including the Genetic Algorithm (GA) and its many derivatives [7,8,14,15], Central force Optimization (CFO) [16] and the Self-Adaptive Differential Evolution [17,18] algorithms. A Modified Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization has found some success in multi-layer microwave absorber design [19,21], but the study was conducted for normally incident waves on five-layer absorbers.…”