Novel psychoactive substances: use and knowledge among adolescents and young adults in urban and rural areas

Martinotti, Giovanni; Lupi, M.; Carlucci, Leonardo; Cinosi, Eduardo; Santacroce, Rita; Acciavatti, T.; Chillemi, Eleonora; Bonifaci, Ludovica; Janiri, Luigi; Giannantonio, Massimo Di

doi:10.1002/hup.2486

Cited by 122 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…As gambling behaviors were found to be largely affected by neighborhood accessibility to gambling opportunities [33], gaming behavior might also be affected by the widespread PC cafes or easier access to diverse game contents at metropolitan cities. A similar trend was found in users of novel psychoactive substances probably due to the more widespread opportunities to attend recreational settings such as discos and nightclubs, commonly located in urban areas [34]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Correlates, comorbidities, and suicidal tendencies of problematic game use in a national wide sample of Korean adults

Park¹,

Jeon

Son

et al. 2017

Int J Ment Health Syst

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BackgroundThis study aimed to investigate the prevalence, correlates, comorbidities, and suicidal tendencies of problematic game use in a nationally representative sample of Korean adults.MethodsOf the 6022 subjects who participated in the 2011 Korean Epidemiologic Catchment Area study and completed the Composite International Diagnostic Interview 2.1, 1397 game users were evaluated for problematic game use using 9-item DSM-5 proposed criteria for Internet gaming disorder. Respondents who responded “yes” to five or more of the nine DSM-5 criteria were considered as problematic game users and the reminders were considered as normal game users.Results4.0% (56/1397) of game users were classified as a problematic game user. Problematic game users were more likely to be in younger age group and live in urban area compared with normal game user. Problematic game use was positively associated with several psychiatric disorders including nicotine use disorder, depressive disorder, and anxiety disorder, but not associated with alcohol use disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder, after adjusting for age, sex, and residential area. Problematic game use was significantly and positively associated with suicide plans, after controlling for psychiatric disorders as well as socio-demographic factors.ConclusionProblematic game use is relatively prevalent in Korean adult population and highly comorbid with other psychiatric disorders and suicidality. Therefore, preventive strategy for problematic game use is needed for game users who were more likely to be addicted such as young adults in urban area, and mental health screening and appropriate treatment are needed for individuals with problematic game use.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Correlates, comorbidities, and suicidal tendencies of problematic game use in a national wide sample of Korean adults

Park¹,

Jeon

Son

et al. 2017

Int J Ment Health Syst

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…cannabis use increases use of other illicit drugs) is debated. Associations between cannabis use and use of other illicit [53–56] and novel psychoactive substances [57–59] including temporal relationships between cannabis use and other illicit drug use[54, 60–62] have been reported. A 25 year longitudinal study that conducted annual assessments of illicit drug use found that regular or heavy cannabis use was associated with an increased risk of using other illicit drugs[60], observations similar to other studies[63, 64].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabis and development of dual diagnoses: A literature review

Hanna

Perez

Ghose

2016

The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse

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Background The use of cannabis has garnered more attention recently with ongoing efforts at marijuana legalization. The consequences of cannabis use are not clearly understood and remain a concern. Objectives to review the acute and persistent effects of cannabis use and associations with psychiatric disorders Methods Using Pubmed and PsychInfo, we conducted a narrative review of the literature on cannabis and psychiatric comorbidity using the keywords cannab*, marijuana, schizo*, psychosis, mood, depression, mania, bipolar and anxiety. Results There is substantial evidence of cannabis use leading to other illicit drug use and of an association between cannabis use and psychosis. A few reports suggest an association with bipolar disorder while the association with depression and anxiety disorders is mixed. Conclusions Whenever an association is observed between cannabis use and psychiatric disorders, the relationship is generally an adverse one. Age at the time of cannabis use appears to be an important factor with stronger associations observed between adolescent onset cannabis use and later onset of psychiatric disorders. Additional studies taking into account potential con-founds (such as withdrawal symptoms, periods of abstinence and other substance use) and moderators (such as age of initiation of cannabis use, amount and frequency of drug use, prior history of childhood maltreatment and gender) are needed to better under-stand the psychiatric consequences of cannabis use.

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“…The use of these substances is vanishingly rare in general population studies (Champion, Teesson, & Newton, 2015;Martinotti et al, 2015;Palamar, Martins, Su, & Ompad, 2015) and thus knowledge of consumption patterns is scarce. According to the Flash Eurobarometer 401 (European Commission, 2014), nearly two-thirds of participants that had used a NPS within the past 12 months had used it in the context of parties.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Consumption Patterns of Nightlife Attendees in Munich: A Latent-Class Analysis

Hannemann

Kraus

Piontek

2017

Substance Use & Misuse

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Background:The affinity for substance use among patrons of nightclubs has been well established. With novel psychoactive substances (NPS) quickly emerging on the European drug market, trends, and patterns of use are potentially changing. Objectives: (1) The detection of subgroups of consumers in the electronic dance music scene of a major German metropolitan city, (2) describing the consumption patterns of these subgroups, (3) exploring the prevalence and type of NPS consumption in this population at nightlife events in Munich. Methods: A total of 1571 patrons answered questions regarding their own substance use and the emergence of NPS as well as their experience with these substances. A latent class analysis was employed to detect consumption patterns within the sample. Results: A four class model was determined reflecting different consumption patterns: the conservative class (34.9%) whose substance was limited to cannabis; the traditional class (36.6%) which especially consumed traditional club drugs; the psychedelic class (17.5%) which, in addition to traditional club drugs also consumed psychedelic drugs; and an unselective class (10.9%) which displayed the greatest likelihood of consumption of all assessed drugs. "Smoking mixtures" and methylone were the new substances mentioned most often, the number of substances mentioned differed between latent classes. Conclusion: Specific strategies are needed to reduce harm in those displaying the riskiest substance use. Although NPS use is still a fringe phenomenon its prevalence is greater in this subpopulation than in the general population, especially among users in the high-risk unselective class.

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Novel psychoactive substances: use and knowledge among adolescents and young adults in urban and rural areas

Cited by 122 publications

References 23 publications

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Correlates, comorbidities, and suicidal tendencies of problematic game use in a national wide sample of Korean adults

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Correlates, comorbidities, and suicidal tendencies of problematic game use in a national wide sample of Korean adults

Cannabis and development of dual diagnoses: A literature review

Consumption Patterns of Nightlife Attendees in Munich: A Latent-Class Analysis

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