Novel steps forward in the histopathology of non-celiac gluten sensitivity

Losurdo, Giuseppe; Piscitelli, Domenico; Leo, Alfredo Di

doi:10.1007/s00428-018-2388-z

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Unfortunately, unlike CD, histology on duodenal biopsy specimens does not help in NCWS diagnosis. There are a few reports regarding the histopathology of NCWS, but a maintained villous architecture, a preserved villus/crypt ratio, a normal or mildly increased level of intraepithelial lymphocytes, and an increased number of eosinophils and mast cells in the duodenal mucosa are among the histopathological findings reported to date [ 6 , 8 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ]. NCWS presents with an extensive range of symptoms, both intestinal and extraintestinal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Gliadin Hydrolysis Capacity of B. longum, L. acidophilus, and L. plantarum and Their Protective Effects on Caco-2 Cells against Gliadin-Induced Inflammatory Responses

et al. 2023

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Background: Non-celiac wheat sensitivity (NCWS) is a poorly understood gluten-related disorder (GRD) and its prominent symptoms can be ameliorated by gluten avoidance. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of a probiotic mixture in hydrolyzing gliadin peptides (toxic components of gluten) and suppressing gliadin-induced inflammatory responses in Caco-2 cells. Methods: Wheat dough was fermented with a probiotic mix for 0, 2, 4, and 6 h. The effect of the probiotic mix on gliadin degradation was monitored by SDS-PAGE. The expression levels of IL-6, IL-17A, INF-γ, IL-10, and TGF-β were evaluated using ELISA and qRT-PCR methods. Results: According to our findings, fermenting wheat dough with a mix of B. longum, L. acidophilus, and L. plantarum for 6 h was effective in gliadin degradation. This process also reduced levels of IL-6 (p = 0.004), IL-17A (p = 0.004), and IFN-γ (p = 0.01) mRNA, as well as decreased IL-6 (p = 0.006) and IFN-γ (p = 0.0009) protein secretion. 4 h fermentation led to a significant decrease in IL-17A (p = 0.001) and IFN-γ (p = 0.003) mRNA, as well as reduced levels of IL-6 (p = 0.002) and IFN-γ (p < 0.0001) protein secretion. This process was also observed to increase the expression levels of IL-10 (p < 0.0001) and TGF-β (p < 0.0001) mRNA. Conclusions: 4 h fermentation of wheat flour with the proposed probiotic mix might be a good strategy to develop an affordable gluten-free wheat dough for NCWS and probably other GRD patients.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Gliadin Hydrolysis Capacity of B. longum, L. acidophilus, and L. plantarum and Their Protective Effects on Caco-2 Cells against Gliadin-Induced Inflammatory Responses

et al. 2023

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“…On the other hand, further evidence has demonstrated that NCGS has some peculiar immunologic characteristics. In about a half of cases, an increase in intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) in duodenal mucosa may be detected; therefore, NCGS can be classified under the “umbrella” term of microscopic enteritis [7,8,9,10,11]. Consequently, the enhanced infiltration of IELs witnesses a mucosal damage mediated by the immune system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictivity of Autoimmune Stigmata for Gluten Sensitivity in Subjects with Microscopic Enteritis: A Retrospective Study

et al. 2018

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Non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) is an emerging gluten-related condition. We investigated whether the presence of autoimmune stigmata in a group of patients with clinical suspicion of NCGS and a histological picture of microscopic enteritis (ME) could be a predictive factor of NCGS. Patients with ME were followed up by periodical examinations. At baseline, we collected data about previous clinical history, including autoimmune diseases. NCGS was diagnosed according to Salerno criteria; other causes of ME were diagnosed according to well-established protocols. Patients with celiac disease were excluded. Student’s and chi-square tests were used in univariate analysis. Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR). Sixty-three patients were included. Twenty-two had a final diagnosis of NCGS; the remaining 41 had non-gluten-related causes of ME. Prevalence of autoimmune thyroiditis was higher among NCGS patients (40.1%) than in other ME (14.6%; p = 0.03). NCGS showed higher positivity rate for anti-gliadin (27.3% versus 2.5%; p = 0.006) and anti-nucleus (45.4% versus 12.2%; p = 0.005). Autoimmune thyroiditis had a non-significant trend (p = 0.06) for NCGS diagnosis, (HR = 2.4). Both anti-gliadin (HR = 2.4; p = 0.04) and anti-nucleus (HR = 2.7; p = 0.04) were directly associated with NCGS diagnosis. In conclusion, NCGS may have a cohort of autoimmune stigmata that can precede its diagnosis.

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