Novel two-layer broadband 4 &amp;#x00D7; 4 Butler matrix in SIW technology for Ku-band applications

Ahmed, A. Razzaque; Fonseca, Nelson J. G.; Coccetti, Fabio; Aubert, Hervé

doi:10.1109/apmc.2008.4958211

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Two additional crossovers are needed when the matrix is to be integrated in the same plane as the radiating elements forming a fully integrated multibeam linear array antenna. Several Butler matrix designs in planar technologies are proposed in the literature [15][16][17] [32]. This paper proposes and details the realization of a planar wideband 4 × 4 Butler matrix in SIW technology with improved power handling thanks to a single layer design approach and wide coupling sections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A PLANAR 4x4 BUTLER MATRIX IN SIW TECHNOLOGY FOR WIDE BAND HIGH POWER APPLICATIONS

Djerafi¹,

Fonseca

Wu³

2011

PIER B

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Abstract-This paper introduces a novel design of Butler matrix in substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology with wide frequency band characteristics. Butler matrices are particularly useful in advanced antenna design and characteristics such as wideband operation, power handling, manufacturing, integration, cost, etc. are typical issues to be addressed in many applications. The proposed planar 4 × 4 Butler matrix provides an interesting solution to most of these issues. Wideband operation is achieved thanks to improved cross-couplers. These components are also characterized by higher power handling when compared to E-plane couplers. The use of SIW technology enables to reduce insertion losses compared to other printed technologies, while maintaining most advantages of such technologies such as high integration, manufacturing simplicity, low weight, etc. The proposed design is fully described, from the elementary building blocks to the full assembly performances. The design is optimized for operation in Ku-band with a center frequency at 12.5 GHz. A prototype of the 4 × 4 Butler matrix is manufactured, and good performances are confirmed over 24% relative frequency bandwidth. Potential use of this sub-system in multibeam antenna design is also discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A PLANAR 4x4 BUTLER MATRIX IN SIW TECHNOLOGY FOR WIDE BAND HIGH POWER APPLICATIONS

Djerafi¹,

Fonseca

Wu³

2011

PIER B

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“…The transition is used as a low-loss interconnect between the two layers of the matrix. A preliminary design with only simulation results has been proposed by the authors in [22]. The transition is hereby analyzed based on the wide-band equivalent circuit model of [21], and experimentally verified.…”

Section: Two-layer Siw Transitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…thors in [22]. The matrix components are a wideband two-layer SIW coupler [23], variable width compensated length wideband SIW phase shifters and a low-loss two-layer SIW transition which will be presented in the following sections.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Implementation of Two-Layer Compact Wideband Butler Matrices in SIW Technology for Ku-Band Applications

Ahmed

Fonseca

Coccetti

et al. 2011

IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat.

100

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The design and realization of a novel wideband twolayer 4 4 Butler matrix in substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology are addressed. The two-layer SIW design is exploited through a two-fold enhancement approach. The two-layer topology is first explored in a simple matrix layout with minimum number of components. A space saving design is then proposed making optimum use of the two-layer topology and the SIW technology leading to a significant size reduction. A two-level, low-loss, wideband SIW transition is designed and optimized using its equivalent circuit model. The two corresponding Butler matrix prototypes are optimized, fabricated and measured. Measured and simulated results are in good agreement. Isolation characteristics better than 15 dB with input reflection levels lower than 12 dB are experimentally validated over 24% frequency bandwidth centered at 12.5 GHz. Measured transmission magnitudes and phases exhibit good dispersive characteristics of 1 dB, around an average value of 6.8 dB, and 10 with respect to the theoretical phase values, respectively, over the entire frequency band. The impact of the measured transmission phases and magnitudes on the radiation pattern of a 4-element antenna array is also investigated.Index Terms-Beam forming networks, Butler matrix, multilayer, substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology.

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“…Several Butler matrices that use different technologies have been reported in literature [7–14]. The waveguide has been a recommended technology for the design of a BFN because its field shielding nature can avoid radiation loss and interference problems in connection with other circuitry especially with antennas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The waveguide structure usually presents high cost, low integration profile and heavy weight. To overcome those hurdles, the SIW concept was proposed [11–14]. The first SIW (a post‐wall waveguide approach) Butler matrix design was proposed by Yamamoto et al in 2002.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multilayered substrate integrated waveguide 4 × 4 butler matrix

Djerafi¹,

Wu²

2012

Int J RF and Microwave Comp Aid Eng

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In this article, a multilayered substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) Butler matrix beam-forming network is proposed, designed, and demonstrated at 24 GHz for automotive radar system applications. The proposed low-cost SIW structure can be used to develop a highly integrated multibeam antenna platform in automotive radar systems and other applications. In this structure, an SIW H-plane coupler is optimized with an H-plane slit to provide the required phase shift. A class of SIW E-plane 3-dB couplers in doubled layer substrate are studied and designed as the fundamental building blocks to avoid crossovers usually required in the construction of a Butler matrix. A 4 Â 4 matrix is investigated and designed, which shows excellent performance over 22-26 GHz frequency band. Two types of antenna are tested with the proposed matrix scheme. First, an antipodal linearly tapered slot antenna (ALTSA) is incorporated into the Butler matrix to verify the broadband performances. Second, a longitudinal slotted waveguide antenna array is examined to generate radiation patterns in the broadside direction. Measured results agree well with simulated counterparts, thus validating the proposed multilayer SIW design concepts. In the next sections, the use as feeding networks for providing the reconfigurability operation of an antenna will be illustrated.

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Novel two-layer broadband 4 × 4 Butler matrix in SIW technology for Ku-band applications

Cited by 8 publications

References 6 publications

DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A PLANAR 4x4 BUTLER MATRIX IN SIW TECHNOLOGY FOR WIDE BAND HIGH POWER APPLICATIONS

DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A PLANAR 4x4 BUTLER MATRIX IN SIW TECHNOLOGY FOR WIDE BAND HIGH POWER APPLICATIONS

Design and Implementation of Two-Layer Compact Wideband Butler Matrices in SIW Technology for Ku-Band Applications

Multilayered substrate integrated waveguide 4 × 4 butler matrix

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