Novelties in Pest Control by Entomopathogenic and Mollusc- Parasitic Nematodes

Půža, Vladimı́r; Mráček, Zdenĕk; Nermuť, Jiří

doi:10.5772/64578

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 131 publications

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“…The S. feltiae isolate Lican Ray (LR) was recovered from soil obtained from an oak forest near the city Lican Ray (39º 28´12´´S; 72º 7´12´´W) by baiting the soil with late instar waxmoth larvae, Galleria mellonella, in glass asks with volumes of 500 cm 3 (13). The asks were closed and kept at 20 °C for 96 h, after which dead larvae were moved to modi ed White traps (14), and emerging infective juveniles (IJ) were removed in a drop of water and used to infect fresh waxmoth larvae to increase the population.…”

Section: Nematode Isolate and Symbiotic Bacterium Culturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This surge in interest stems from the need to evaluate more intensively their potential to replace some chemical insecticides for the control of soil borne pests. These nematodes appear to be good insect control agents considering their easy mass production, wide host range (2) and relative safety with respect to nontarget organisms and the environment (3). On the other hand, antimicrobial and insecticidal compounds, particularly from bacterial symbiotes have also received special attention (4,5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphological, Molecular and Ecological Characterization of a Native Isolate of Steinernema Feltiae (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) From Southern Chile

Flores

Alvarado

Lankin

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Steinernema feltiae is an entomopathogenic nematode used in biological control programs with a global distribution. It has been shown that populations of S. feltiae may have phenotypic plasticity derived from local adaptation and may vary in different traits, such as location and penetration of the host. This is the first time that a Chilean isolate has been described in detail, taking into account morphological, molecular and ecological characteristics. Methods: S. fealtiae was detected a few years ago in southern regions of Chile in the town Lican Ray and was morphologically and morphometrically described, along with a molecular description based on the ITS and D2-D3 regions. Some ecological characteristics were determined, including the temperature requirements for completion of its life cycle and the effect of three water levels in soil for optimal reproduction. Results: Morphometric characteristics of different life stages show large intraspecific variability in averages and ranks compared with isolates from different geographical origins. The molecular data also show intraspecific variability with respect to other isolates. The lower, optimal and higher temperatures found to limit the infestation and reproduction of Galleria mellonella were 10, 20 and 30 °C respectively, and emergence from the host larvae occurred approximately ten days after inoculation. Differences were observed in offspring emerging from the host, and the 120 infective juveniles (IJ)/larvae dose was the most prolific at 20 °C. The water content of the soil did not affect the number of infective juvenile invaders, penetration efficacy (%), and time of emergence of the IJ or offspring per larvae, but it caused a delay in achieving full mortality at the permanent wilting point with respect to saturation and field capacity.Conclusions: Data obtained in this study are valuable since they outline some environmental requirements of this strain to perform optimally in the event of being used as a soil pest bioantagonist.

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Section: Nematode Isolate and Symbiotic Bacterium Culturementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological, Molecular and Ecological Characterization of a Native Isolate of Steinernema Feltiae (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) From Southern Chile

Flores

Alvarado

Lankin

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…In Heterorhabditis nematodes, the trait stabilization can be achieved by creation of inbred lines in liquid culture (Anbesse et al 2013), which should be further developed and exploited. Further fundamental research in the field of the genetic architecture of key traits, such as infectivity, stress tolerance, and reproduction, is needed (Půža et al 2016). Bai et al (2013) stressed the possibility of determining genes from the whole genome of EPNs and their mutualistic bacteria that are being expressed, in order to detect those that are involved in a particular process and target them through genetic engineering methods.…”

Section: Advancing Genetic Improvement Of Epnsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards optimization of entomopathogenic nematodes for more service in the biological control of insect pests

Abd-Elgawad

2019

Egypt J Biol Pest Control

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Cost and reliability have hindered entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) from realizing their full market size. Research approaches continually evolve in response to these issues. They address EPN basics, but other issues are less recognized among masses working on these biocontrol agents. So, this review emphasizes on the due but less recognized roles to optimize EPN research and get better findings in nematode realm. Being almost impossible for nematologists to act united, they need to use standardized procedures which allow future reviews to be analytical and may build on them. Current atypical sampling procedures of EPNs may lead to erratic results. Comparable sampling may better enable grasping the interaction between EPN distribution and agricultural management to develop more swiftly field application techniques and can introduce EPNs' populations to a more even distribution designed to enhance their efficacy. Functional sampling should be expanded. Furthermore, EPNs should be included in integrated pest management programs in ways that make them complimentary or superior to chemical pesticides. Further modeling of EPNs' populations should be tried. The few transgenic methods applied in EPNs should be followed up to address non-stability of selected beneficial traits and markers of beneficial genes. Awareness-raising of more growers, cooperatives, and extensions of EPNs as bio-insecticides for both plant and livestock pests should be attempted in earnest via broad and deep training. We should better communicate and apply the positive trends and standardization in EPNs' research. Required but less known services to optimize research in the nematode realm should further be addressed.

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“…This surge in interest stems from the need to evaluate more intensively their potential to replace some synthetic insecticides for the control of soil-borne pests. These nematodes appear to be good insect control agents considering their easy mass production, wide host range [ 2 ] and relative safety with respect to nontarget organisms and the environment [ 3 ]. On the other hand, antimicrobial and insecticidal compounds, particularly from symbiotic bacteria, have also received special attention [ 4 , 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological, molecular and ecological characterization of a native isolate of Steinernema feltiae (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) from southern Chile

et al. 2021

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Background Steinernema feltiae is an entomopathogenic nematode used in biological control programs with a global distribution. Populations of this species show phenotypic plasticity derived from local adaptation and vary in different traits, such as location and host penetration. The aim of this work was to describe a Chilean isolate of this nematode species, using integrative approaches. Methods Nematode morphological and morphometric studies were conducted along with molecular analysis of nuclear genes. The symbiotic bacterium was also identified by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene. Some ecological characteristics were described, including the temperature requirements for the nematode life cycle and the effect of soil water content for optimal reproduction. Results Morphometric characterization revealed a large intra-specific variability. The isolate identity was also corroborated with the analysis of nuclear genes. Based on the 16S gene, its symbiont bacteria, Xenorhabdus bovienii, was identified. The lowest, optimal and highest temperatures found to limit the infestation and reproduction on Galleria mellonella were 10, 20 and 30 °C, respectively; the emergence from the host larvae occurred approximately 10 days after inoculation. Differences were observed in offspring, and 120 infective juveniles (IJ)/larva was the most prolific dose at 20 °C. The soil water content did not affect the number of IJ invaders, penetration efficacy and IJ emergence time or offspring per larva, but it caused a delay in achieving full mortality at the permanent wilting point with respect to saturation and field capacity. Conclusions For the first time, a Chilean isolate of S. feltiae is described in detail considering morphological, molecular and ecological aspects. The isolate was shown to be efficient in soil containing water, with optimal temperatures ranging from 15 to 25 °C for host infestation and production of an abundant offspring; these characteristics would allow its potential use as control agents in a wide geographical area of the country.

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Novelties in Pest Control by Entomopathogenic and Mollusc- Parasitic Nematodes

Cited by 11 publications

References 131 publications

Morphological, Molecular and Ecological Characterization of a Native Isolate of Steinernema Feltiae (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) From Southern Chile

Morphological, Molecular and Ecological Characterization of a Native Isolate of Steinernema Feltiae (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) From Southern Chile

Towards optimization of entomopathogenic nematodes for more service in the biological control of insect pests

Morphological, molecular and ecological characterization of a native isolate of Steinernema feltiae (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) from southern Chile

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