Now is the time to safeguard access to emergency contraception as abortion restrictions sweep the United States

Cleland, Kelly; Kumar, Bhavik; Kakkad, Nikita; Shabazz, Jasmine; Brogan, Nicola R; Gandal-Powers, Mara K; Elliott, Robyn; Stone, Rebecca H.; Turok, David K.

doi:10.1016/j.contraception.2022.06.008

Cited by 5 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In the original packaging, the first tablet (as is generally the case in emergency contraception) was taken as early as possible after intercourse, with best effectiveness if taken within the first 12 hours. The first tablet should not be taken if the effectiveness of ulipristal acetate is greater than that of levonorgestrel [17][18][19][20][21][22][23].…”

Section: Levonorgestrelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ulipristal acetate also exhibits high affinity for the glucocorticoid receptor and in vivo antiglucocorticoid effects have been observed in animals. However, no such effects have been observed in humans, even after repeated administration of a daily dose of 10 mg. Ulipristal acetate has little affinity for androgen receptors and no affinity for human estrogen or corticosteroid receptors [17][18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Time Of Menstruation After Taking the Morning-after Pillmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The important difference of ulipristal from emergency contraceptives based on levonorgestrel is that it maintains its effectiveness for 5 days after unprotected intercourse, while the safety and tolerability of the drug have been shown to be comparable to that of levonorgestrel [17][18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Time Of Menstruation After Taking the Morning-after Pillmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Patients with renal or hepatic impairment are not advised to take the medication due to the lack of particular research that would provide dosage recommendations. Patients with hereditary problems of lactose intolerance, Lapp lactase deficiency, or glucose-galactose malabsorption should not take the medicine due to its content of lactose monohydrate [17][18][19][20][21][22][23].…”

Section: Contraindicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emergency Contraception. Literature Review. Experience in a Greek Center. Greece Used Methods

Tsikouras,

Hatzilazarou,

Bothou

et al. 2023

Obstetrics and Gynecology

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The sexual liberation of women can now be taken for granted, and access to information is particularly easy, but even today there is still many lack of information about contraceptive methods. No method of contraception has a 100% guaranteed result as success depends on many factors such as faithful adherence to the instructions of family planning centers, age of the woman, the frequency of the sexual act, and of course the type of contraception. Emergency contraception refers to any method of contraception used after intercourse and before implantation. It differs from the medical termination of pregnancy, which has 75–89% effectiveness and copper IUDs. Contraception is used to stop the sperm from fertilizing the egg or to stop the fertilized egg from implantation in the uterus. All contraceptive methods require educational awareness and emergency contraception should not be used as normal contraceptive treatment. It does not fall into the sphere of moral dilemmas if it is taught correctly at the levels of primary and secondary education and in the family sphere. Undoubtedly, the organization of family planning centers for women of reproductive age as well as for teenagers is deemed necessary and should become a priority of every government.

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Section: Levonorgestrelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Time Of Menstruation After Taking the Morning-after Pillmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Time Of Menstruation After Taking the Morning-after Pillmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Contraindicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Emergency Contraception. Literature Review. Experience in a Greek Center. Greece Used Methods

Tsikouras,

Hatzilazarou,

Bothou

et al. 2023

Obstetrics and Gynecology

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“…32 UPA, a synthetic second generation selective progesterone receptor modulator 7 was approved by the FDA in December 2010 7,33 and is a 30 mg tablet that has to be taken within 120 hours after intercourse. 33 It is available by prescription only 34 and its efficacy is decreased by medications that lower gastric acidity such as antacids, proton pump inhibitors, or H2 blockers. 35,36 LNG is not effective once the LH surge starts to occur 9,33 and the sooner after intercourse it is taken, the more effective it is.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergency Contraception: Access and Challenges at Times of Uncertainty

Stein¹,

Deverakonda²,

Katz

et al. 2022

American Journal of Therapeutics

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Background:The UN Commission on Life-Saving Commodities for Women and Children identified emergency contraceptive pills as 1 of the 13 essential underused, low-cost, and high-impact commodities that could save the lives of millions of women and children worldwide. In the US, 2 emergency contraceptive regimens are currently approved, and their most plausible mechanism of action involves delaying and/or inhibiting ovulation.Areas of uncertainty:Abortion and contraception are recognized as essential components of reproductive health care. In the US, in the wake of the Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization Supreme Court decision on June 24, 2022, 26 states began to or are expected to severely restrict abortion. It is anticipated that these restrictions will increase the demand for emergency contraception (EC). Several obstacles to EC access have been described, and these include cost, hurdles to over-the-counter purchase, low awareness, myths about their mechanisms of action, widespread misinformation, and barriers that special populations face in accessing them. The politicization of EC is a major factor limiting access. Improving sex education and health literacy, along with eHealth literacy, are important initiatives to improve EC uptake and access.Data Sources:PubMed, The Guttmacher Institute, Society of Family Planning, American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, the World Health Organization, The United Nations.Therapeutic Advances:A randomized noninferiority trial showed that the 52 mg levonorgestrel intrauterine device was noninferior to the copper intrauterine device when used as an EC method in the first 5 days after unprotected intercourse. This is a promising and highly effective emergency contraceptive option, particularly for overweight and obese patients, and a contraceptive option with a different bleeding profile than the copper intrauterine device.Conclusions:EC represents an important facet of medicine and public health. The 2 medical regimens currently approved in the US are very effective, have virtually no medical contraindications, and novel formulations are actively being investigated to make them more convenient and effective for all patient populations. Barriers to accessing EC, including the widespread presence of contraception deserts, threaten to broaden and accentuate the already existing inequities and disparities in society, at a time when they have reached the dimensions of a public health crisis.

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Increases in retail sales of over-the-counter levonorgestrel emergency contraception in the United States, 2016–2022

Wagner,

Cleland

2024

Contraception

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Now is the time to safeguard access to emergency contraception as abortion restrictions sweep the United States

Cited by 5 publications

References 17 publications

Emergency Contraception. Literature Review. Experience in a Greek Center. Greece Used Methods

Emergency Contraception. Literature Review. Experience in a Greek Center. Greece Used Methods

Emergency Contraception: Access and Challenges at Times of Uncertainty

Increases in retail sales of over-the-counter levonorgestrel emergency contraception in the United States, 2016–2022

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