Number of antenatal care utilization and associated factors among pregnant women in Ethiopia: zero-inflated Poisson regression of 2019 intermediate Ethiopian Demography Health Survey

Arefaynie, Mastewal; Kefale, Bereket; Yalew, Melaku; Adane, Bezawit; Dewau, Reta; Damtie, Yitayish

doi:10.1186/s12978-022-01347-4

Cited by 25 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 121 publications

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“…Furthermore, women aged 20-34 and over 34 years were more likely than those aged under 20 to use optimal ANC visits. This nding corroborated previous research from Uganda [71], Ethiopia [72], and Sub-Saharan Africa [46].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Determinants of optimal antenatal care visit among reproductive age women in Low and Middle Income Countries; Evidence from recent demographic health survey: application of a multilevel binary logistic regression model

Agmas¹,

Asmare²

2022

Preprint

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Background The evaluation of utilization and the factors influencing optimal ANC visits is critical to improving maternal and neonatal health outcomes. The goal of antenatal care is to reduce maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity. The study's goal is to identify the factors that influence optimal ANC visits among reproductive-age women in low-income countries. Methods The study included a total weighted sample of 329,721 women who gave birth during the study period. For model fitness and comparison, the intra-class correlation coefficient, median odds ratio, proportional change in variance, AIC, BIC, and deviance were used. To identify the determinants of optimal ANC visits in LMICs, a multilevel multivariable logistic regression model was fitted. To declare significant determinants of optimal ANC visits, the adjusted odds ratio and its 95% confidence interval were used. Results The overall prevalence of optimal ANC visits was 60.1%, and this ranged from 16.8% in Afghanistan to 97.0% in the Dominican Republic. In the Multilevel multivariable logistic regression model; age 20 to 34 (AOR = 1.267; 95%CI: 1.233–1.303)), age above 34 (AOR = 1.342; 95%CI: 1.302–1.384)), primary educated women (AOR = 1.529; 95%CI: 1.496–1.563), secondary educated women (AOR = 2.626; 95%CI: 2.561–2.694), higher educated women (AOR = 4.563; 95%CI: 4.341–4.796), middle wealth index (AOR = 1.033; 95%CI: 1.015–1.052), rich wealth index (AOR = 1.340; 95%CI: 1.284–1.399), having media exposure (AOR = 1.273; 95%CI: 1.251–1.293)), employed women (AOR = 1.252; 95%CI: 1.212–1.293), and being Central America resident (AOR = 5.967; 95%CI: 5.655–6.297) were significantly associated with optimal ANC visits. Conclusion Maternal age, maternal education level, family size, number of children, sex of household head, wealth index, marital status, husband/partner education level, husband/partner occupation, maternal occupation, media exposure, place of delivery, and region were all significant predictors of optimal ANC visits in low- and middle-income countries. This discovery assists health care providers and policymakers in implementing appropriate policies and programs to ensure optimal ANC coverage. It is critical to develop strategies to improve antenatal care access and availability.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Determinants of optimal antenatal care visit among reproductive age women in Low and Middle Income Countries; Evidence from recent demographic health survey: application of a multilevel binary logistic regression model

Agmas¹,

Asmare²

2022

Preprint

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“…For instance, women who attended primary education and secondary education and above, respectively, had 41% and 75% decreased odds of being nonadherent to the recommended ANC visits compared to women who did not have formal education. is finding was in agreement with the results of the studies in Ethiopia [12,14,18], Ghana [20], East Africa [9], and Sub-Saharan Africa [10,38] that reported women's education as an enabling factor for attending four or more ANC visits. is finding was also supported by other previous studies [9,13,28,39,40].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…In Africa, about three-fourths of pregnant women receive at least one ANC [2], and the prevalence of adequate ANC utilization was 58.5% in SSA countries and 53.4% in the Eastern African region [10]. In Ethiopia, noncompliance to the recommended ANC visits ranges from 36.3% to 63.4% [11][12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies in specific settings found that attendance of less than four ANC visits was 75.6% in Amhara [16], 50.1% in Tigray [17], 23% in Wolaita [18], and 44% in rural Southern Ethiopia [19]. Previous studies showed that factors like maternal education, place of residence, wealth, exposure to mass media, pregnancy intention, and history of abortion had a significant effect on women's compliance to the recommended ANC visits [9,12,14,[20][21][22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors Affecting Nonadherence to WHO’s Recommended Antenatal Care Visits among Women in Pastoral Community, Northeastern Ethiopia: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Mare

Wuneh

Awol

et al. 2022

Nursing Research and Practice

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Introduction. More than half of the pregnant women in Ethiopia do not receive the recommended number of antenatal care visits. In the Afar region, where women have limited access to healthcare services due to pastoral livelihood, evidence on noncompliance to the adequate number of antenatal care visits is scarce. Therefore, this study was intended to examine the level of nonadherence to the recommended antenatal care visits and its associated factors in the pastoral community of Northeast Ethiopia. Methods. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 04 February to 22 March 2020 among randomly selected 703 women who gave birth within 24 months preceding the survey in the Transform HDR districts of the Afar region. Data were collected using a pretested structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. Data were entered into Epi-data version 4.2 and finally exported to Stata version 16 for further analysis. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were done to identify factors affecting the nonadherence to the recommended antenatal care visits. Odds ratio with the corresponding 95% confidence interval were computed and the statistical significance of the explanatory variables was declared at a p -value <0.05. Results. Nonadherence to the recommended antenatal care visits was 57.0% (95% CI: 53.3%–60.7%). Attending primary (AOR (95% CI): 0.39 (0.22–0.72)) and secondary education and above (AOR (95% CI): 0.25 (0.08–0.77)), being married at the age of 18 years or older (AOR (95% CI): 0.48 (0.36–0.71)), and attending antenatal care at a health center (AOR (95% CI): 0.46 (0.26–0.81)) were associated decreased odds of nonadherence to the recommend visits. Moreover, a higher likelihood of nonadherence was found among women from households not possessing communication media (AOR (95% CI): 1.85 (1.18–2.88)) and those who initiated antenatal care attendance during the second (AOR (95% CI): 5.23 (3.54–7.72)) and third trimesters (AOR (95% CI): 8.81 (1.88–41.20)). Conclusions. Nearly six in ten women do not receive the recommended antenatal care visits, consistent with the national prevalence. Women’s education, age at marriage, type of health facility, possession of mass media, and timing of antenatal care attendance were associated with nonadherence to the recommended antenatal care visits. Thus, improving women’s literacy, dissemination of information regarding antenatal care through mass media, and strengthening interventions targeted to end child marriage are important in scaling up the level of adherence. Moreover, supporting community-based health education through health extension programs is crucial in reaching women with limited access to mass media.

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“…Almost all causes of maternal mortality (99%) take place in the developing world. Over half of these deaths occur in sub-Saharan Africa and nearly one-third in South Asia [4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Magnitude of Optimal Antenatal Care Utilization and Its Associated Factors among Pregnant Women in South Gondar Zone, Northwest Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Belay

Fenta

Biresaw

et al. 2022

International Journal of Reproductive Medicine

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Background. Adequate antenatal care is essential for the health of the mother and the development of the fetus. The World Health Organization recommends at least four antenatal care (ANC) visits during pregnancy. In Ethiopia, only 32% of women of childbearing age attend four or more ANC visits. This figure is significantly lower than the average for least developed countries. This study is aimed at calculating the magnitude and identifying the factors associated with optimal antenatal care utilization in the South Gondar Zone, Northwest Ethiopia. Methods. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the South Gondar Zone of Northwest Ethiopia from September 2020 to May 2021. A total of 434 participants were selected using multistage cluster sampling. Data were gathered through face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire. A multivariate binary logistic regression model was used to determine the factors associated with the optimal use of antenatal care. Result. The magnitude of optimal antenatal care utilization was 59% (95% CI; 54.20, 63.65). The study showed that mothers who completed their secondary school ( AOR = 8.205 ; 95% CI: 3.406, 19.767), women who completed their tertiary school ( AOR = 6.406 ; 95% CI: 2.229, 18.416), women whose husbands’ level of education is secondary school ( AOR = 5.967 ; 95% CI: 2.753, 12.936), those with a planned pregnancy ( AOR = 1.912 ; 95% CI: 1.117, 3.271), those with a wanted pregnancy ( AOR = 2.341 ; 95% CI: 1.366, 4.009), women whose husbands work in the government or nongovernment sector ( AOR = 3.736 ; 95% CI: 2.093, 6.669), those not being exposed to the media ( AOR = 0.520 ; 95% CI: 0.345, 0.783), and rural women ( AOR = 0.267 ; 95% CI: 0.164, 0.435) were significantly associated with optimal ANC utilization. Conclusion. The findings suggest that more emphasis should be placed on education-based programs for women and their husbands that highlight the benefits of a planned pregnancy, desired pregnancy, and maternal health care. Meanwhile, the government and other concerned bodies should focus on expanding road accessibility, health institutions, and ambulance distribution to improve optimal ANC utilization in the area.

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Number of antenatal care utilization and associated factors among pregnant women in Ethiopia: zero-inflated Poisson regression of 2019 intermediate Ethiopian Demography Health Survey

Cited by 25 publications

References 121 publications

Determinants of optimal antenatal care visit among reproductive age women in Low and Middle Income Countries; Evidence from recent demographic health survey: application of a multilevel binary logistic regression model

Determinants of optimal antenatal care visit among reproductive age women in Low and Middle Income Countries; Evidence from recent demographic health survey: application of a multilevel binary logistic regression model

Factors Affecting Nonadherence to WHO’s Recommended Antenatal Care Visits among Women in Pastoral Community, Northeastern Ethiopia: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study

The Magnitude of Optimal Antenatal Care Utilization and Its Associated Factors among Pregnant Women in South Gondar Zone, Northwest Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

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