Numerical Analysis of Thermal Stratification in Large Horizontal Thermal Energy Storage Tanks

Shaarawy, Maikel; Lightstone, M.F.

doi:10.1115/1.4032451

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…In recent years, DLSC has been subjected to several studies related to its operational control [35], storage design [36,37], and performance on different locations [38].…”

Section: Implementation Of Multiple Time Gridsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple time grids in operational optimisation of energy systems with short- and long-term thermal energy storage

Renaldi

Friedrich

2017

Energy

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As a vital part of future low carbon energy systems, storage technologies need to be included in the overall optimisation of energy systems. However, this comes with a price of increasing complexity and computational cost. The increase in complexity can be limited by using simplified time series formulations in the optimisation process, e.g. typical days or multiple time grids. This in turn will affect the computational cost and quality of the optimisation results. The trade-off between these two aspects has to be quantified in order to appropriately use the simplification method. This paper investigates the implementation of the multiple time grids approach in the optimisation of a solar district heating system with short-and long-term thermal energy storage. The multiple time grids can improve the optimisation computational time by over an order of magnitude. Nevertheless, this is not a general rule since it is shown that there is a possibility for the computational time to increase with time step size. Furthermore, the benefits of multiple time grids become more evident in optimisation with a longer time horizon, reaching almost two order of magnitude improvement in computational time for the case with 6 years time horizon and 5% MIP gap.

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“…In recent years, DLSC has been subjected to several studies related to its operational control [35], storage design [36,37], and performance on different locations [38].…”

Section: Implementation Of Multiple Time Gridsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple time grids in operational optimisation of energy systems with short- and long-term thermal energy storage

Renaldi

Friedrich

2017

Energy

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“…It has been previously established that within a highly stratified storage tank, the thermocline layer should be minimized [10]. Consequently, there has been a global surge in interest in thermal stratification in water tanks, with numerous numerical and experimental advancements reported in recent literature [11][12][13][14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Simulation of Thermal Storage Tank with Middle Baffles Distributions

Karam,

Ibrahim,

Alesbe

et al. 2023

MMEP

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A numerical investigation into the influence of baffle placement on thermal stratification within a vertical cylindrical cold-water tank is conducted. The tank, sporting a diameter of 400 mm and a height of 1000 mm, incorporates inlet and outlet ports of equal diameter (17.39 mm). The baffles, integral to this study, are of 200 mm in length and 2 mm in thickness. The study leverages computational methodologies to decipher the equations that govern heat transfer and fluid flow within a baffle-integrated tank. The tank commences with an initial water temperature of 4.4℃, and an inflow of water at 13.3℃, from the upper left side. Validation of the adopted tests is sought through experimental data available in extant literature. The abstract delves into the impact of baffle number and positioning on a multitude of elements-thermocline temperature, streamline creation, vortex formation, velocity vectors, Stratification Number, and Richardson Number-across varied cases during the discharging phase. The introduction of one or two baffles exerts a marginal effect on temperature distribution contours. However, a third baffle accentuates this impact, expanding the hot-cold interface with a pronounced penetration effect within the tank. Interestingly, the influence of three baffles on temperature distribution contours diminishes at a discharging time of 2173.4 s. This study provides insight into the nuanced role of baffles within thermal storage tanks, elucidating key considerations for their optimal placement and number.

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“…In addition, relevant data related to the design and operational of DLSC are publicly available, which contributes to its use as the case study in several publications (e.g. [23,24,25]). While the influence of locations on DLSC has been reported in the literature [26], the previous studies did not consider UK locations and financial aspects nor the influence of the short-and long-term thermal storage configuration on the techno-economic performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Techno-economic analysis of a solar district heating system with seasonal thermal storage in the UK

2019

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Heat demand in buildings is responsible for around 40% of all energy use in middle to high latitude countries. The combination of district heating systems with solar thermal energy and seasonal thermal energy storage has successfully reduced the carbon intensity of heating in different countries, such as Denmark, Germany and Canada. The potentials of such systems to decarbonise the heat demand in the UK has also been highlighted in different reports. Nevertheless, bottom-up quantitative studies to support or dismissive these potentials are very limited. The quantification can be provided by simulating a solar district heating system using UK-specific inputs, such as heat demand and weather profiles. In this study, a validated simulation model is used to study the performance of solar district heating systems with seasonal thermal storage deployed in the UK. The case studies are based on the Drake Landing Solar Community in Okotoks, Canada, which has a relatively high solar fraction. The results show that the system is technically feasible to be implemented in the UK but that it has lower technical performance. A systematic analysis of the influence of the main components on the system performance shows that not only the solar supply and heat demand need to be balanced but also that the long-term storage needs to be appropriately sized. The relatively lower solar fraction could be offset by installing more long-term storage and implementing the system to supply new-built houses with better energy performance rather than the current building stock of older homes. Financially, the system still needs to be supported by encouraging policies to make it competitive with incumbent technologies. The results and the validated model open the possibility to design bespoke solar district heating systems for the UK and other countries in middle to high latitudes.

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Numerical Analysis of Thermal Stratification in Large Horizontal Thermal Energy Storage Tanks

Cited by 8 publications

References 28 publications

Multiple time grids in operational optimisation of energy systems with short- and long-term thermal energy storage

Multiple time grids in operational optimisation of energy systems with short- and long-term thermal energy storage

Numerical Simulation of Thermal Storage Tank with Middle Baffles Distributions

Techno-economic analysis of a solar district heating system with seasonal thermal storage in the UK

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