Numerical calculation of the global heat transfer in a Czochralski furnace

LEC- and VGF-growth of SI GaAs single crystals—recent developments and current issues

“…2) and VB/VGF growth were incrementally increased over the time. Development/optimization of graphite setups and especially design of radiation/convection screens and of the growth technologies have been supported by computer simulations using advanced 2D global and local models which apart from heat transfer by conduction and radiation also account for convection in the fluid phases [7][8][9] and allow for to estimate thermal stress during growth as a basis for further improvement of structural perfection of the crystals. With increasing melt size and correspondingly higher Rayleigh numbers in LEC growth unstable and turbulent melt and gas flows and the breakdown of axisymmetry have to be considered.…”

Effects of RF coil position on the transport processes during the stages of sapphire Czochralski crystal growth

“…The conductive, convective, and radiative heat transfer inside the furnace all affects the heat history of the crystal growth process. Numerical simulations of CZ crystal growth have been carried out by many researchers over the past four decades [1][2][3][4]. However, the simulation of CZ sapphire-like crystal growth has been carried out only in the past decade.…”

Crystal Pulling from the Melt

“…However, the computing demands made by such a model are such that it has not yet been possible to model the convective flow up to realistic values of the Grashof number. Similar global modelling has been performed by Dupret and co-workers [91].…”