Numerical Modeling and Studies of the Acid Stimulation Process in Dolomite Carbonate Rocks

Abstract

Summary Extensive studies have been conducted to capture the acid stimulation process in calcite rocks. The related studies on the dolomite system are far more limited in number, and this work is motivated to improve the understanding of the acid stimulation process in dolomite carbonate rocks. The two-scale continuum model is improved to comprehensively consider the mass, momentum, and energy change within the acidizing system. Simulations are performed using the finite volume method. The reliability of the developed numerical model is confirmed and validated by commercial software and previously reported experimental results. Comparison results have shown good agreement. Based on this model, a general reaction and diffusion constitute model is used to conduct a parameter sensitivity study to examine the effect of acid solution physical parameters on the acid stimulation results. A comprehensive rheology model is also developed to describe the different viscosity constitutive relationships of acid fluids, including the Newtonian, non-Newtonian, and diversion mechanisms. The simulation results are further analyzed to reveal the working mechanisms for using different acid systems and to clarify the optimization principle for acid stimulation.

Mechanistic analysis of matrix-acid treatment of carbonate formations: An experimental core flooding study

“…Over the last decades, extensive experimental and theoretical investigations have been paid for calculation of the optimum acid injection rate in carbonate formations. Complete reviewing of the literature works is out of scope of this paper and can be found in related references [ 39 , 42 , [49] , [50] , [51] , [52] , [53] , [54] , [55] , [56] , [57] ]. Moreover, the main results of researches by others have been summarized in Table 1 .…”

“… Ahmadi et al [ 55 ] 2023 Simulation by: Association rule mining (ARM) Operational decisions by assisting in the design of due stimulation jobs. Jia et al [ 56 ] 2023 Modeling by: Finite volume method & Development of a rheology model to describe the different viscosity constitutive relationships of acid fluids. …”