Numerical study on the fire and its propagation of large capacity lithium-ion batteries under storage

Advances and challenges in thermal runaway modeling of lithium-ion batteries

“…TRP modeling approaches predominantly include the thermal resistance network model (TRNM) 98 , 99 , 100 and the three-dimensional (3D) numerical model. 79 , 101 , 102 , 103 , 104 , 105 , 106 , 107 , 108 , 109 , 110 , 111 , 112 , 113 , 114 , 115 In the TRNM, each cell is represented as an individual node with mass, heat capacity, and a heat source, connected by specific thermal resistances. The modeling procedure of the TRNM generally includes the development of a heat generation model for a single cell node and the subsequent combination of nodes based on energy balance (see supplemental information for details).…”