Nutrient Composition and Metabolizable Energy Values of Selected Grain Sorghum Varieties and Yellow Corn ,

Douglas, J. H.; Sullivan, T. W.; Bond, P. L.; Struwe, F. J.

doi:10.3382/ps.0691147

Cited by 47 publications

(26 citation statements)

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“…The ADF and NDF contents in sorghum and regular corns are in agreement with the average values reported by CVB (1998), but higher than those reported by NRC (1998). Douglas et al (1989) reported that the ADF content among four different sources of corn varied from 49 to 89 g kg -1 and NDF from 90 to 190 g kg -1 . Yin et al (1993) reported that the NDF content of two different varieties of corn varied from 186 to 256 g kg -1 and ADF content from 8 to 15 g kg -1 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digestible energy and amino acid contents in Canadian varieties of sorghum, pearl millet, high-oil corn, high-oil–high-protein corn and regular corn samples for growing pigs

Yin¹,

Gurung²,

Jeaurond³

et al. 2002

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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. 2002. Digestible energy and amino acid contents in Canadian varieties of sorghum, pearl millet, high-oil corn, high-oil-high-protein corn and regular corn samples for growing pigs. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 82: 385-391. Fecal digestible energy (DE) and ileal digestible crude protein (CP) and amino acid (AA) contents in sorghum, pear millet, high-oil corn, high-oil-high-protein corn, regular corn I and II were determined in growing pigs fitted with ileal "T" cannulas. The cereal grain samples were grown in Canada and supplemented with vitamins and minerals to produce six experimental diets. Six pigs, with an average initial body weight of 17 kg, were fed the diets during six subsequent experimental periods according to a Latin square design. Pigs were fed twice daily at 2.6 times maintenance energy requirements. After a 7-d adjustment period, feces were collected for 3 d, followed by a 48-h collection of ileal digesta. Apparent and standardized ileal AA digestibilities were calculated. The high-oil corn and high-oil-high-protein corn had the highest (P < 0.05) DE content [4029, 4048 kcal kg -1 dry matter (DM), respectively]. The sorghum had a higher (P < 0.05) DE content (3941 kcal kg -1 DM) than pear millet (3603 kcal kg -1 DM) and regular corn I (3710 kcal kg -1 DM basis) and similar DE content to regular corn II (3945 kcal kg -1 DM). Contents of standardized ileal digestible CP and AA varied between cereal grains were generally highest (P < 0.05) for PM (CP: 101.6 g kg -1 DM; lysine, methionine plus cysteine, threonine: 3.4, 4.8 and 4.3 g kg -1 DM, respectively), HOPC (CP: 100.9 g kg -1 DM; lysine, methionine plus cysteine, threonine: 3.1, 5.4 and 4.3 g kg -1 DM, respectively) and similar for the other cereal grains (CP: 94.1-98.4 g kg -1 DM; lysine, methionine plus cysteine, threonine: 2.6-3.0, 3.4-4.3 and 3.3-4.0 g kg -1 DM, respectively). Differences in feeding values of these cereal grains should be considered when evaluating their potential inclusion in pig diets. Abbreviations: AA, amino acid; ADF, acid detergent fiber; AFD, apparent fecal digestibility; AID, apparent ileal digestibility; CP, crude protein; DE, digestible energy; DM, dry matter; GE, gross energy; NDF, neutral detergent fiber Can. J. Anim. Sci. Downloaded from www.nrcresearchpress.com by 54.191.190.102 on 05/11/18For personal use only.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digestible energy and amino acid contents in Canadian varieties of sorghum, pearl millet, high-oil corn, high-oil–high-protein corn and regular corn samples for growing pigs

Yin¹,

Gurung²,

Jeaurond³

et al. 2002

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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“…proanthocyanidins, PA) in poultry feeds has been shown to have negative effects on live performance of broiler chicks (Armstrong et al, 1974;Sell et al, 1985;Rubio et al, 1990). These negative effects have been shown such as reduced body weight gain and feed efficiency (Douglas et al, 1990;Elkin et al, 1990) and has been attributed to the ability of tannins to bind, coagulate and precipitate protein (Butler et al, 1986) including digestive enzymes through hydrophobic and other interactions (Hagerman et al, 1981), thereby reducing digestion and absorption of nutrients (Farrell et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal growth and function of broiler chicks fed sorghum based diets differing in condensed tannin levels

Nyamambi¹,

Ndlovu²,

Naik³

et al. 2007

SA J. An. Sci.

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The effect of feeding sorghum condensed tannins on intestinal growth, function and histology was investigated in an 8-week broiler growth trial. Four sorghum varieties of different proanthocyanidins (PA) content; DC75 (DC -2.48 A 550nm /g DM) Chirimaugute (CH -1.68 A 550nm /g DM), Brown Tsweta (BT -0.2 A 550nm /g DM), SV2 (SV -0.07 A 550nm /g DM) and maize (MA) were used to formulate four diets each with one sorghum variety (CH, BT and SV) and maize included as the principal energy source. DC75 was used to replace 50 (DC50) and 100% (DC100) w/w maize to form the other two treatment diets. Relative weights of the small intestine differed significantly at 21 days of age. However, the decrease in weight did not correspond to the increase in PA level in a linear manner. Villus height and crypt depth were reduced at seven (7%) and 14 days (15%) in broilers fed DC and CH diets and thereafter was similar to MA and SV fed birds. The liver total and esterified cholesterol was reduced in DC100, DC50 and CH fed birds. Grain sorghum contains other phytochemicals such as policosanols and sterols besides PA which compound the observations in the liver. The effect of age on the severity of local liver lesions was not significant. The DC100 fed chicks showed mild crypt necrosis and/or sub-acute crypt distortion. There was a significant increase in the goblet cell number/mm 2 measured in the jejunum of chicks fed CH, DC50 and DC100 diets. Sucrase but not maltase activity was significantly reduced with increased PA content in the 7-, 14-and 21-days age groups. From the results it appears that the dietary PA levels are not limiting factors in the development of the gastrointestinal tract of broiler chicks.

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“…Douglas et al (1990) afirmam que houve decréscimos lineares da energia digestível e energia metabolizável, à medida que o teor de tanino aumentou no grão de sorgo. Porém, outros estudos não relatam efeito sobre o ganho de peso quando o sorgo foi utilizado na ração (MUSHARAF & LATSHAW, 1991).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Avaliação do desempenho e de parâmetros gastrintestinais de frangos de corte alimentados com dietas formuladas com sorgo alto tanino e baixo tanino

et al. 2005

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RESUMOO experimento foi realizado nas instalações experimentais da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia da Unesp, Campus de Botucatu e objetivou-se avaliar o efeito das dietas com milho e farelo de soja, sorgo com alto tanino e farelo de soja e sorgo com baixo tanino e farelo de soja sobre o desempenho, rendimento de carcaça e parâmetros gastrintestinais de frangos de corte. Foram utilizados 1200 pintos de corte de um dia, da linhagem Ross 308, distribuídos em 24 boxes em um delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 3 x 2, três dietas: 100% milho e farelo de soja, 100% sorgo com alto tanino e farelo de soja (SAT) e 100% sorgo com baixo tanino e farelo de soja (SBT) e dois sexos, com 4 repetições de 50 aves cada. O desempenho foi avaliado aos 21, 35 e 42 dias de idade e aos 42 dias de idade, uma amostra de 5 aves por repetição foi abatida para a determinação do rendimento de carcaça e das partes. Foram medidos o rendimento do peito desossado, coxa e sobrecoxa, asas, dorso e gordura abdominal. Aos 14, 21, 28, 35 e 42 dias de idade foram sacrificadas 3 aves por repetição para avaliação do desenvolvimento das vísceras e dos intestinos por meio de pesagens e medidas. Conclui-se que, ao utilizar sorgo com alto tanino (cultivar AG3002 com 1,89 g/kg) e sorgo com baixo tanino (cultivar SAARA com 0,49 g/kg) em substituição ao milho não foi encontrado efeito significativo (p>0,05) para os parâmetros analisados de desempenho e rendimento de carcaça, não ocorrendo também efeito evidente sobre a porcentagem das vísceras e intestinos e as medidas dos intestinos.Termos para indexação: Desempenho, frangos de corte, intestinos, sorgo, tanino. ABSTRACTThe experiment was carried out in the experimental facilities of Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia of Unesp, Botucatu Campus and the objective was evaluate the effect of corn, sorghum with tannin and sorghum no tannin-based diets on the gastric and bowel parameters in broiler . One thousand and two hundred sexed Ross 308, one-day-old chicks were used, divided in 24 boxes in an completely randomized experimental design with factorial arrangement 3x2, three diets: 100% corn, 100% sorghum with tannin (SAT) and 100% sorghum without tannin (SBT) and two sexes, with 4 replications of 50 birds each The broiler performance was evaluate at 21, 35 and 42 days of age. At 42 days of age, a sample of 5 birds per replication was slaughtered to carcass yield determination. At 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42 days of age 3 birds per replication were slaughtered for the evaluation of guts and bowel development by means of weighing and measurements. It can be concluded that, when using sorghum with tannin (AG3002 crop with 1.89g/kg) and sorghum no tannin (SAARA crop, with 0.49g/kg) replacing corn, there was no evident effect (p>.05) on performance, carcass yield, as well as on guts and bowel percentage or on the bowel measures. INTRODUÇÃOEmbora a utilização do sorgo na alimentação de aves tenha sido muito pesquisada no Brasil nas décadas de setenta e oitenta, o ...

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Nutrient Composition and Metabolizable Energy Values of Selected Grain Sorghum Varieties and Yellow Corn ,

Cited by 47 publications

References 14 publications

Digestible energy and amino acid contents in Canadian varieties of sorghum, pearl millet, high-oil corn, high-oil–high-protein corn and regular corn samples for growing pigs

Digestible energy and amino acid contents in Canadian varieties of sorghum, pearl millet, high-oil corn, high-oil–high-protein corn and regular corn samples for growing pigs

Intestinal growth and function of broiler chicks fed sorghum based diets differing in condensed tannin levels

Avaliação do desempenho e de parâmetros gastrintestinais de frangos de corte alimentados com dietas formuladas com sorgo alto tanino e baixo tanino

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